An ancient Egyptian cemetery on the west bank of the Nile, about 28 km south of Cairo. Stretching about 7 km north to south and 2 km east to west, the cemetery contains ancient Egyptian tombs from all periods from the 1st Dynasty to the Ptolemaic Dynasty. The name seems to come from Sokaris, an early local cemetery god. Tombs were built here after ancient Egypt, during the Roman period, and during the early Christian period. It is therefore the largest cemetery in Egypt in terms of both area and length of time. Early dynasties include the mastaba (sitting tomb) of King Aha and King Hemaka of the 1st Dynasty. Large stone structures from the pyramid period include the step pyramid of King Djoser of the 3rd Dynasty, the pyramids of King Userkaf and King Unas of the 5th Dynasty, and the pyramid of King Teti of the 6th Dynasty. Excavations are constantly being carried out, and notable results have been obtained. One of these is the tomb of General Horuenheb (18th Dynasty), who was not yet king, discovered in 1975. [Denroku Sakai] It was designed and built under the direction of Imhotep, the vizier of the 3rd Dynasty, during the reign of King Djoser, the 2nd Dynasty. It has six levels, a base of 121m east to west, 109m north to south, and a height of 60m. Part of the World Heritage Site "Memphis and its Necropolis: The Pyramid Fields from Gizeh to Dahshur" (Egypt, registered in 1979) Saqqara, Egypt ©Shogakukan "> Saqqara Step Pyramid Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
カイロの南約28キロメートル、ナイル川西岸に広がる古代エジプトの墓地。南北約7キロメートル、東西約2キロメートルにわたるこの墓地には、第1王朝からプトレマイオス王朝に至るあらゆる時代の古代エジプトの墓がある。地名はこの地方の初期の墓地神ソカリスに由来するようである。墓は、古代エジプトののちも、ローマ時代やキリスト教初期にもここに築かれた。したがって、エジプト全土の中で、面積においても時間の長さにおいても第一の墓地である。初期王朝のものには第1王朝のアハ王、ヘマカ王のマスタバ(腰掛形墳墓)などがある。ピラミッド時代の巨大石造建築物に、第3王朝のジョセル王の階段ピラミッド、第5王朝のウセルカフ王とウナス王のピラミッド、第6王朝のテティ王のピラミッドがある。発掘は絶えず行われ、注目すべき成果が得られている。その一つに、1975年発見の、王となる前のホルエンヘブ将軍(第18王朝)の墓がある。 [酒井傳六] 第3王朝2代ジョセル王時代に宰相イムホテプが設計・指揮して築かれた。6層の段をなし、基辺東西121m、南北109m、高さ60m。世界文化遺産「メンフィスとその墓地遺跡:ギゼーからダハシュールまでのピラミッド地帯」の一部(エジプト・1979年登録) エジプト サッカラ©Shogakukan"> サッカラの階段ピラミッド 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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