A right that a specific person (creditor) has to demand a certain act (performance) from another specific person (debtor) is called a claim, and from the perspective of the party against whom the claim is made, it is a debt. For example, if Person A lends Person B 1 million yen until a certain date, when the due date arrives Person A can demand that Person B "return the 1 million yen," and Person B must return the 1 million yen in response. In this way, the creditor has a claim against the debtor, and the debtor owes a debt to the creditor. Therefore, claims and debts are simply a difference between looking at the same legal relationship from the perspective of the right holder or the obligor. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
特定の人(債権者)が他の特定の人(債務者)に対して,一定の行為(給付)を請求する権利を債権といい,これを請求される側からいえば債務となる。たとえば,甲が乙に対して一定期日まで100万円を貸した場合に,期日がくれば,甲は乙に対して〈100万円を返せ〉と請求でき,これに応じて乙は100万円を返さなければならない。このように,債権者は債務者に対して債権を有し,債務者は債権者に対して債務を負担している。したがって,債権・債務は,同一の法律関係を権利者の側からみるか,義務者の側からみるか,の違いにすぎない。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
<<: Pledge of claims - Forderungspfandrecht
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