Koyasugami - Koyasugami

Japanese: 子安神 - こやすがみ
Koyasugami - Koyasugami

A god widely worshipped as a god of fertility, safe childbirth, and child rearing. The name Koyasu-no-kami was first found in the Sandai Jitsuroku (Chronicles of Three Generations), in the entry for the 18th year of the Jogan era (876), as "Mino Province Koyasu-no-kami," and even today there are Koyasu shrines all over the country. Both are written as Koyasu or Koyasu, and both enshrine Konohanasakuya-hime (the mountain god), who is considered the god of safe childbirth and child rearing.

The form of Koyasu worship varies widely, but in western Japan it has been combined with Kannon worship to become Koyasu Kannon, which takes the form of a hall or shrine. As such, it is worshipped on a fixed festival day. In eastern Japan, particularly in the eastern Kanto region, it is often called Koyasu Jizo, or simply Koyasu-sama, and is worshipped by a group of married women in the area. These gather in groups to worship Koyasu-gami and pray for safe childbirth. They gather on the 19th of January, May, and September, or on the 19th of every month, so they are also called Jyukuya-ko. If word gets out that a dog has died, an impromptu Koyasu-ko may be held. It is believed that the spirit of the dog will bring about safe childbirth, and this has been combined with the belief in safe childbirth, or in other words, Koyasu-gami.

[Kamata Hisako]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

子授け・安産・子育てなどの神として広く信仰されている神。子安神の名称は古く『三代実録』貞観(じょうがん)18年(876)の条に「美濃(みの)国児安神」とあり、現在も各地に子安神社がある。児安、子易とも書き、いずれも木花開耶姫(このはなさくやひめ)(山の神)を祭神とし、安産・育児の神とされている。

 子安信仰の形態は多様で、西日本では観音(かんのん)信仰と結合して子安観音となり、堂または神社の形となっている。したがって祭日も一定して信仰されている。東日本、とくに関東地方東部では、子安地蔵、あるいはただ子安様と称して、地域の既婚婦人による講集団によって祀(まつ)られる形が多い。これは組単位に集合し、子安神を祀って安産祈願をするものである。正月・5月・9月の19日、あるいは毎月19日に集まるので、十九夜講(じゅうくやこう)ともよんでいる。犬が死んだことを伝聞すると臨時に子安講を行うこともある。犬の霊魂が安産をもたらしてくれるものと信じ、さらに安産すなわち子安神の信仰と結合したものである。

[鎌田久子]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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