Equal land ownership system

Japanese: 均田制度 - きんでんせいど

In the Edo period, this policy was aimed at restraining the progress of land ownership by landlords and maintaining land ownership by peasants by redistributing land to them equally. It is also called the Equal Field Policy. It was implemented in Tsushima Domain in 1664, but was implemented most extensively in Hizen Saga Domain from 1842 during the Tenpo Reforms. In the same year, Saga Domain established a ten-year grace period for the payment of bank loans and land rent (tenant rent) on kurairi land, and then implemented policies such as the control of tenanted land in the Arita and Imari areas and distribution of rent to landlords and tenants. This was because these areas were marked by the accumulation of land by wealthy pottery merchants. It was also attempted in Ise Tsu Domain during the Kansei Reforms and Hitachi Mito Domain during the Tenpo Reforms, but was not implemented in Tsu Domain due to peasant uprisings.

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

江戸時代，地主による土地所有の進行を抑制し，百姓の土地所有を維持するために，土地を再配分して均等に所持させようとした政策。均田政策ともいう。1664年に対馬藩で実施されたが，天保改革(てんぽうかいかく)の際の1842年から肥前佐賀藩でもっとも大々的に行われた。佐賀藩では同年蔵入地において10年間の借銀・加地子(かじし)米（小作料）の支払い猶予を定めたのを皮切りに，有田(ありた)・伊万里(いまり)地区での小作地の上(かみ)支配，地主と小作人への分給などの政策を実施した。これは富裕な陶器商人による土地集積が著しい地区であったことによる。その他寛政改革時には伊勢津藩で，天保改革時に常陸水戸藩でも実施が試みられたが，津藩では百姓一揆により実施されていない。

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