Ginpara - black-headed munia

Japanese: ギンパラ - ぎんぱら(英語表記)black-headed munia
Ginpara - black-headed munia

A bird of the order Passeriformes in the class Aves, family Aceridae. One of the 34 species in the genus Acanthurus. Birds of the genus Acanthurus are generally of a gentle disposition, with a thick, stocky bill and a color scheme that is mostly chestnut brown. They eat herbaceous seeds, grains, and insects. Acanthurus is widely distributed in southern China, India, Sri Lanka, the Indochina Peninsula, the Greater Sunda Islands, Borneo, the Philippines, and Sulawesi (Celebes), and is divided into 10 subspecies due to the many regional color variations.

The most familiar subspecies imported to Japan are the Ginpara and the Kinpara. The Ginpara subspecies is about 11 cm long. It is very similar to the Kinpara in that it is black from the head to the upper back and upper chest, dark chestnut brown below, and has a black abdomen, but the white color of the lower chest and sides is different. It is distributed in a narrow area, including the lowlands of Nepal, the Indian peninsula, and Sri Lanka. On the other hand, the Kinpara subspecies is similar in size and color to the Ginpara, but it differs in that it does not have the white parts on the sides and lower chest, and the abdomen to the lower tail is dark brown or black. It is distributed in southern China, the eastern lowlands of Nepal, eastern India, Bangladesh, etc. Both have been imported to Japan for a long time and have been kept as ornamental birds. As they are hardy birds, many of them become wild, and many breed in local areas, but in tall grasslands in wetlands. The nesting season in the Chubu region and south of Honshu is from early September to mid-November, during which they gather at breeding sites, but they have the habit of migrating to other areas after breeding. As for other subspecies, the Taiwanese Formosan Munia was seen in small bird shops in Tokyo and Kobe until around 1935 (Showa 10), but has not been seen in recent years. The original species of the Bengalese Finch, the White's Munia, is in the same genus, but is a different species found in Nepal, India, Sri Lanka, southern China, Taiwan, etc.

[Kan Sakane]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

鳥綱スズメ目カエデチョウ科の鳥。同科キンパラ属34種中の1種。キンパラ属は一般に性質穏和で、嘴(くちばし)は厚くずんぐり形であり、色彩はじみで多くは栗(くり)色を基調としている。草本の種子、穀物のほか、昆虫なども食べる。ギンパラは中国南部、インド、スリランカ、インドシナ半島、大スンダ列島、ボルネオ島、フィリピン、スラウェシ(セレベス)島などに広く分布し、地域的色彩の変化が多く10亜種に分類される。

 日本に輸入されてなじみの多い亜種はギンパラとキンパラとである。亜種のギンパラは全長約11センチメートル。頭部から上背、上胸にかけて黒色、以下は濃い栗褐色、腹部が黒色であることはキンパラに酷似するが、下胸部とわきの白色が異なる。分布は狭く、ネパール低地、インド半島、スリランカである。一方、亜種のキンパラは、大きさ、色彩はギンパラに似るが、わき、下胸の白色部がなく、腹から下尾筒にかけて濃黒褐色を帯びるか、または黒色である点が異なる。中国南部、ネパール東部低地、インド東部、バングラデシュなどに分布する。いずれも日本には古くから輸入され、観賞用として飼育されてきた。じょうぶな鳥であるから野生化するものが多く、局地的ではあるが湿地の丈の高い草原で繁殖するものが少なくない。本州中部地方以南での営巣期は9月上旬ないし11月中旬で、この間は繁殖地に集結するが、繁殖を終わるとほかの地へ移動する習性がある。そのほかの亜種としては、台湾産のタイワンキンパラが1935年(昭和10)ごろまで東京、神戸あたりの小鳥店にみられたが、近年はみられない。ジュウシマツの原種であるコシジロキンパラL. striataは同属であるが、ネパール、インド、スリランカ、中国南部、台湾などに分布する別種である。

[坂根 干]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

<<:  Silver-bellied eel - Ginbara eel

>>:  Quimbaya - Kinbaya

Recommend

Quick change - Hayagawari

A directing and acting technique in which an actor...

mémoire (English spelling)

…Notes, also called announcements, are the most i...

Jørgensen, SM

For example, CoCl 3 and NH 3 each satisfy the usu...

Autonomia - Autonomia

…Official name: Italian RepublicRepubblica Italia...

Kitsuki Castle Town

...Tourist attractions include the well-preserved...

Planariidae

…the name of a genus of flatworms in the family P...

Mount Goken

This mountain is located in the north-central par...

American Revolution

A revolution in which the 13 colonies of British ...

Bakary, D.

...France took until 1921 to put down the fierce ...

Banaba

…It was discovered by the British ship Ocean in 1...

Laternaria

...They are found mainly in tropical and subtropi...

Fushi (joint) - Joint

A theoretical term in Japanese music. It is a conc...

Inunankakuran (English name) Tmesipteris

Its Japanese name was given to it because of its r...

Genus Ezokozorina - Ezokozorina

...The fruit has a long pappus stalk and feathery...

Vane, JR

...It is a white crystal or powder with a slightl...