Metal indicator

Japanese: 金属指示薬 - きんぞくしじやく(英語表記)metal indicator
Metal indicator

This refers to an indicator used to indicate the end point in chelation titration. The indicator itself also forms a chelate compound with the metal ion, but its stability constant is smaller than that of the chelate compound formed when the titration reagent binds with the metal ion, and the indicator's color is different from the color of the chelate compound formed with the metal ion. Table 1 shows the official names and abbreviations.

When a small amount of metal indicator X is added to a solution containing metal ion M (charge is omitted; the same applies below), and titrated with chelating reagent Y, the metal indicator itself is a weak chelating agent, so at first, coloration of MX is observed, but as the titration proceeds, MY is produced, and at the equivalence point,
MX + YMY + X
The reaction proceeds almost completely to the right, and the solution takes on the color of the free indicator X, which is a different color from MX, making it possible to determine the end point. For example, eriochrome black T (BT) is used as a metal indicator in the titration of magnesium(II) ions using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a chelating agent, and 1-(2'-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN) is used in the titration of copper(II) ions. Table 2 shows the color changes of several metal indicators in direct titration. The structures of these metal indicators are shown in the figure .

[Yoshio Narusawa]

"Iwanami Dictionary of Physics and Chemistry, 3rd Edition, Revised Edition, edited by Tamamushi Fumichi et al. (1981, Iwanami Shoten)""Chemistry Encyclopedia, edited by Oki Michinori et al. (1989, Tokyo Kagaku Dojin)""Basic Education: Analytical Chemistry, written by Okutani Tadao et al. (1995, Tokyo Kyogakusha)"

[Reference] | Stability constant | Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid | Chelating compounds | Chelating titration | Indicator | Color reaction
Official names and abbreviations of metal indicators [Table 1]
©Shogakukan ">

Official names and abbreviations of metal indicators [Table 1]

Color change in direct titration of metal indicators [Table 2]
©Shogakukan ">

Color change in direct titration of metal indicators [Table 2...

Structure of metal indicators (diagram)
©Shogakukan ">

Structure of metal indicators (diagram)


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

キレート滴定において終点指示のために用いる指示薬をいう。指示薬自身も金属イオンとキレート化合物を生成するが、その安定度定数は、滴定試薬が金属イオンと結合して生じるキレート化合物の安定度定数に比べて小さく、かつ指示薬自身の色が、金属イオンとキレート化合物を生成したときの色と異なるような性質をもつものが金属指示薬として用いられる。表1には正式名称と略称を示した。

 金属イオンM(電荷は省略する。以下同じ)を含む溶液に金属指示薬Xの微量を加えてキレート試薬Yで滴定すると、金属指示薬自身弱いキレート剤であるから、最初はMXの着色がみられるが、滴定が進むとMYが生成し、当量点では、
  MX+YMY+X
の反応がほとんど完全に右に進んで、溶液は遊離の指示薬Xの色を呈し、MXと異なる色になるので終点を判定することができる。たとえばキレート試薬としてエチレンジアミン四酢酸(EDTA)を用いるマグネシウム(Ⅱ)イオンの滴定ではエリオクロムブラックT(BT)が、また銅(Ⅱ)イオンの滴定では1-(2'-ピリジルアゾ)-2-ナフトール(PAN)がそれぞれ金属指示薬として用いられる。いくつかの金属指示薬の直接滴定における変色を表2に示す。にはこれらの金属指示薬の構造を示した。

[成澤芳男]

『玉虫文一他編『岩波理化学辞典』第3版増補版(1981・岩波書店)』『大木道則他編『化学大辞典』(1989・東京化学同人)』『奥谷忠雄他著『基礎教育 分析化学』(1995・東京教学社)』

[参照項目] | 安定度定数 | エチレンジアミン四酢酸 | キレート化合物 | キレート滴定 | 指示薬 | 呈色反応
金属指示薬の正式名称と略称〔表1〕
©Shogakukan">

金属指示薬の正式名称と略称〔表1〕

金属指示薬の直接滴定における変色〔表2〕
©Shogakukan">

金属指示薬の直接滴定における変色〔表2…

金属指示薬の構造〔図〕
©Shogakukan">

金属指示薬の構造〔図〕


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