Cold front

Japanese: 寒冷前線 - かんれいぜんせん
Cold front

A front in which the cold air mass is dominant and moves toward the warm air mass. The cold air mass flows under the warm air mass and lifts it up, forming cumulus clouds along the cold front. In front of or behind the cold front, rain or snow showers occur over an area 80 to 150 kilometers wide, sometimes accompanied by thunder. The precipitation is intense, but the area is narrow. Also, thunderclouds often form along the cold front in a line. Most thunderstorms in winter are caused by cold fronts. When a cold front passes, the temperature and humidity suddenly drop, and the air pressure rises. In the Northern Hemisphere, the weather changes suddenly in a clockwise direction, and sometimes gusts of wind called gale blow, causing rough seas and causing fishing boats to be lost.

Unlike a warm front, which is only active near the center, a cold front is accompanied by active weather phenomena that can extend far out. The slope of the cold front relative to the earth's surface is about 1/50, which is steeper than that of a warm front.

[Yo Narumura]

[Reference] | Warm front

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

前線のうち寒気団のほうが優勢で暖気団側へ移動していく前線。寒気団は暖気団の下へ流れ込み暖気団を持ち上げ、寒冷前線に沿って積雲系の雲が発生する。寒冷前線の前面または後方で幅80~150キロメートルにわたり、にわか雨やにわか雪が降り、ときには雷を伴う。降水の強度は強いが、降水域は狭い。また、寒冷前線に沿って線状に雷雲の発達することが少なくない。冬季の雷のほとんどは寒冷前線によるものである。寒冷前線が通過するときは、気温や湿度は急に下がり、気圧は急上昇する。北半球では時計回りに急変し、ときには疾風(はやて)とよばれる突風が吹くことがあり、海上では時化(しけ)となって漁船が遭難することがある。

 寒冷前線は、中心に近い所のみが活発な温暖前線とは異なり、かなり遠方まで活発な天気現象を伴う。寒冷前線と地表面との傾きはおよそ50分の1ぐらいで、温暖前線より急となっている。

[饒村 曜]

[参照項目] | 温暖前線

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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