Gumble, W.

Japanese: ガンブル，W. - がんぶる

...Shozo Motoki, who is considered the founder of Japanese typography, opened a private school called Shingai Private School in Nagasaki in 1869 (Meiji 2), and to earn the maintenance costs, he considered industrializing letterpress printing. He purchased a large amount of type, typecasting machines, printing machines, etc. from the Shanghai Meihua Bookstore, and established a typesetting training school with William Gamble, the director of the Shanghai Meihua Bookstore. Under his guidance, Motoki succeeded in typecasting and founded the Shingai Typesetting Company in 1870, and in the same year, his students Shozo Obata, Sanzo Sakai, and others opened the Nagasaki Shinjuku Osaka Typesetting Company in Osaka. ...

From Shozo Motoki

…In 1860 (Man'en 1), he became a consultant for the Nagasaki Ironworks (later the Nagasaki Shipyards), and after the Meiji Restoration, he was involved in technical activities until he retired from his position as president in 1870 (Meiji 3). During this time, he operated a steamship between Nagasaki and Edo, contributed to shipbuilding and navigation, and built Japan's first iron bridge (at Nishinohama in Nagasaki), among other accomplishments. In 1869, he established a typography training school within the ironworks, and welcomed the American engineer William Gamble from Shanghai, finally succeeding in casting metal type. In 1870, he opened a typesetting shop in Shinmachi, Nagasaki, and began manufacturing type and printing. With the help of his disciples, Hirano Tomiji (1846-1892) and Yosonoji (1838-1906), he built the foundations for the development of modern printing technology. He also used his meager profits to run a kind of community school called Shinmachi Private School, where he nurtured the next generation of talented people who would play important roles in the printing and publishing world and elsewhere.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Gumble, W." is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…日本活版術の始祖とされている本木昌造は，1869年(明治2)長崎に〈新街私塾〉という学塾を開き，その維持費を得るために活版印刷の工業化を考えた。彼は，上海美華書館から多量の活字，活字鋳造機，印刷機などを買いつけ，上海美華書館の館長ガンブルWilliam Gambleを迎えて活版伝習所を設立した。その指導のもと活字鋳造に成功した本木は，70年〈新街活版所〉を創設，同年門下の小幡正蔵，酒井三造らは大阪に〈長崎新塾大阪活版所〉を開いた。…

【本木昌造】より

…60年(万延1)長崎製鉄所(のちの長崎造船所)御用掛となり，維新後70年(明治3)に頭取としての職を辞すまで技術活動にたずさわった。この間，蒸気船を操縦して長崎～江戸間を往復し，造船･航海術に寄与したほか，日本最初の鉄製橋(長崎西ノ浜)を架設するなど，多彩な業績をのこしたが，69年には製鉄所構内に活版伝習所を設置，上海からアメリカ人技師ガンブルWilliam Gambleを迎え，ついに金属活字の鋳造に成功した。70年長崎新町に活版所を開き，活字製造と印刷業を始めるとともに，門下の平野富二(1846‐92)，陽其二（ようそのじ）(1838‐1906)らの協力を得て近代印刷技術発展の基礎を築き，またそのとぼしい利潤を新街私塾という一種の市民学校の運営にあて，印刷出版界その他で重きをなす次代の人材を育成した。…

※「ガンブル，W.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

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