Cairo Conference - Kairokaigi

Japanese: カイロ会議 - かいろかいぎ
Cairo Conference - Kairokaigi

However, Britain and France, competing for interests in Syria, had already secretly concluded the Sykes-Picot Agreement in 1916 during the war, arranging the spheres of influence of the two countries after the war (Figure 1). Britain also gave hope to the Jewish Zionist movement, allowing them to settle in Palestine, and the Balfour Declaration provided a starting point for the creation of a Jewish state. At the San Remo Conference in 1920 and the Cairo Conference in 1921, the two countries got the former Allied Powers to recognize their mandate over Syria and Iraq, and France expelled Faisal I from Syria. Thus, the establishment of an independent Arab kingdom was thwarted, and Syria (historical Syria) was divided into a British mandate in the south and a French mandate in the north, and Arab nationalism entered a new phase (Figure 2).

From Palestine

...In other words, at a conference of the major Allied powers (Great Britain, France, Italy, Japan, Greece, Belgium) held in San Remo, Italy in April 1920, it was decided that the administration of Syria and Lebanon (the northern part of historical Syria) would be entrusted to France, and the administration of Iraq (which combined Mesopotamia and the Mosul region to the north) and "Palestine" (the southern part of historical Syria) would be entrusted to Britain. Following the San Remo Conference, the British government held the Cairo Conference in March 1921, chaired by W. Churchill, and decided to divide "Palestine" in two with the Jordan River as the border, with Trans Jordan in the east and Palestine in the west. The League of Nations recognized the conclusions of the San Remo Conference, and the Mandate of Palestine came into effect in July 1922. In September of the same year, the League of Nations also recognized the conclusions of the Cairo Conference, and the British Mandate of Palestine was internationally established, separate from the British Mandate of Transjordan.

*Some of the terms used in reference to the Cairo Conference are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

… しかし,シリアの権益を争うイギリス,フランスは,すでに戦時中の1916年に秘密裡にサイクス=ピコ協定を結び,戦後の両国の勢力圏を取り決め(図1),さらにイギリスは,ユダヤ人のシオニズム運動にも希望をもたせ,パレスティナへの入植を許し,バルフォア宣言によってユダヤ人国家建設の糸口を与えていた。両国は20年のサン・レモ会議と21年のカイロ会議において,シリア,イラクの委任統治権を旧連合国に承認させ,フランスは,ファイサル1世をシリアから追放した。 こうしてアラブの独立王国樹立は阻まれ,シリア(歴史的シリア)は,南部はイギリスの,北部はフランスの委任統治下に分断され,アラブ民族主義は新しい局面を迎える(図2)。…

【パレスティナ】より

…すなわち,1920年4月イタリアのサン・レモで開かれた主要連合国(イギリス,フランス,イタリア,日本,ギリシア,ベルギー)の会議で,シリア・レバノン(歴史的シリアの北部にあたる)の統治はフランスに,イラク(メソポタミアとその北のモースル地方を結びつけたもの)と歴史的シリアの南部にあたる〈パレスティナ〉との統治はイギリスに委任されることが決められた。 サン・レモ会議に続いて,イギリス政府は1921年3月,W.チャーチルの司会のもとにカイロ会議を開き,ヨルダン川を境として〈パレスティナ〉を二分し,東をトランス・ヨルダン,西をパレスティナとすることを決定した。国際連盟がサン・レモ会議の結論を承認し,パレスティナの委任統治が発効したのは,22年7月であるが,国際連盟は同年9月,カイロ会議の結論をも承認し,トランス・ヨルダンのイギリス委任統治とは別に,パレスティナのイギリス委任統治が国際的に確定されることになった。…

※「カイロ会議」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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