Osaka

Japanese: 大坂 - おおさか

Located almost in the center of the Kinki region, this area is the site of Naniwa in the ancient Osaka area. It was an important location for continental transportation during the Yamato government, and was once the capital of Emperor Kokutoku during the Taika Reforms. In 1496, Rennyo founded Ishiyama Honganji Temple, and the foundations of a modern city were laid within the temple town. It was burned down by Oda Nobunaga, but in 1583, when Toyotomi Hideyoshi built Osaka Castle, the townspeople of Sakai and Fushimi were forcibly relocated to the castle town, and the foundations for its development as a commercial city in the Edo period were established. During the Edo period, it came under direct control of the shogunate, and castle lords and town magistrates were established. Known as the "kitchen of the world," it was lined with storehouses from various feudal domains, and trade in storehouses and shed goods was thriving, giving birth to wealthy merchants and leading to the development of Genroku culture. The population was 350,000 around the Genroku period (1688-1704). During the Meiji period, the name was changed to "Osaka."

Source: Obunsha Japanese History Dictionary, Third Edition About Obunsha Japanese History Dictionary, Third Edition

Japanese:

近畿地方のほぼ中央部，現在の大阪
古代の難波 (なにわ) の地。大和政権の大陸交通上の要地で，大化の改新のとき孝徳天皇の都が置かれたこともある。1496年蓮如 (れんによ) が石山本願寺を創建しその寺内町として近世都市の基礎が置かれ，織田信長の焼打ちにより焼失したが，1583年豊臣秀吉の大坂城築造に伴い，その城下町造りで強制移住させられた堺・伏見などの町人を中心に，江戸時代の商業都市としての発展の基礎が確立された。江戸時代，幕府直轄地となり城代・町奉行が置かれた。「天下の台所」と呼ばれ，諸藩の蔵屋敷が建ち並び，蔵物・納屋物 (なやもの) の取引きが盛んで，豪商が生まれ元禄文化を開花させた。元禄（1688〜1704）ごろの人口35万。明治時代になって，「大阪」と改められた。

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