…In 1925, he drafted the Intellectual Manifesto in support of Fascism, which led to a conflict with Croce, who responded by issuing the Manifesto of Anti-Fascist Intellectuals. Under the Fascist regime, he held important positions such as editor-in-chief of the Encyclopedia Italiana and president of the Italian Academy, and was deeply involved in Fascist cultural policy. In 1944, he was assassinated by a member of the Patriotic Struggle Group, a resistance organization. … From the Encyclopedia: ...These include the American Nelson's Perpetual Loose-leaf Encyclopaedia, 12 volumes (1909), which was loose-leaf style, and the German Duden Encyclopedia (1935), which used illustrated descriptions. Also notable was the succession of huge works, such as the Enciclopedia italiana (1929-39) edited by G. Gentile, the former 36 volumes long, and the latter 65 volumes long. [Kouichi Kabayama] From [Fascism]…In addition to gaining the consent of the people, attempts were also made to gain the consent of intellectuals. Various research institutions, including the Italian Academy, were founded, but the most important was the publication of the Enciclopedia Italiana. The Enciclopedia was published in 35 volumes between 1929 and 1937 as a major cultural project of Fascism, and Gentile, who was the central editor, hoped that by writing the encyclopedia entries, the connection between intellectuals and Fascism would be deepened. … *Some of the terminology explanations that refer to the "Encyclopedia Italiana" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…1925年にファシズムを支持する知識人宣言の起草者となり,これに反発して反ファシズム知識人の声明を出したクローチェと対立した。ファシズム体制のもとで《イタリアーナ百科事典》の編集責任者,イタリア学士院長などの要職を占めてファシズムの文化政策に深くかかわった。44年レジスタンス闘争の組織である愛国闘争団の一員に暗殺された。… 【百科事典】より…ルーズリーフ・スタイルをとったアメリカの《ネルソン百科事典Nelson’s Perpetual Loose‐leaf Encyclopaedia》12巻(1909),図解記述を採用したドイツの《ドゥーデン百科事典》(1935)などである。またG.ジェンティーレ編集の《イタリアーナ百科事典Enciclopedia italiana》(1929‐39),《ソビエト大百科事典》(1926‐47)のように,前者は36巻,後者は65巻という膨大なものが続出したのも特徴である。【樺山 紘一】 【ファシズム】より…民衆の同意の獲得と並んで,知識人の同意の獲得も試みられた。〈イタリア・アカデミー〉をはじめ各種の研究機関が創設されたが,重要なのは《イタリアーナ百科事典Enciclopedia Italiana》の刊行である。《百科事典》はファシズムの一大文化事業として,29年から37年にかけて全35巻が刊行されたが,編集の中心となったジェンティーレは,事典項目の執筆を通じて知識人とファシズムの結びつきが深まることを期待したのである。… ※「《イタリアーナ百科事典》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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