A general term for the family or genus of the order Squatinidae, a class of cartilaginous fishes, or the name of one of its species. The family Squatinidae consists of only the genus Squatina . The main feature of the Squatinidae genus is that its body is vertically flattened like rays, but it can be distinguished from rays by the fact that its gill slits are located on the side of the body between the head and pectoral fin (rays have gill slits on the ventral side of the body). There are over 10 species of the Squatinidae genus known worldwide, and in addition to the Squatinidae japonica , the Koroshark and the Formosan Koroshark S. formosa are found in the waters off Japan. The Japanese angelshark can be distinguished from the Japanese scaly shark and the Taiwanese scaly shark by the fact that the outer corners of the pectoral fins are almost right angles, the distance between the eyes is shorter than the distance between the left and right blowholes, and the rear end of the pelvic fin does not reach the beginning of the first dorsal fin. It grows to about 2 meters in length. It lives on the seabed, burrowing into the sand to wait for approaching fish and other creatures, which it then sucks into its mouth to eat. It reproduces viviparously, giving birth to around 10 young in the spring. It is found in coastal areas of Japan south of southern Hokkaido, the Yellow Sea, and the East China Sea. In addition to being used as an ingredient in paste products, its rough skin is used for files and as a non-slip surface for sword handles. It is listed as Critically Endangered (CR) on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List (as of September 2021). [Kazuhiro Nakatani October 20, 2021] [Reference] | |© Tadaaki Ohkata "> Major types of sharks (3) [specimen illustrations] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
軟骨魚綱カスザメ目の科や属の総称、またはその1種の名称。カスザメ科Squatinidaeはカスザメ属Squatinaのみからなる。カスザメ属は体がエイ類のように縦扁(じゅうへん)していることが大きな特徴であるが、エイ類とは鰓孔(さいこう)の位置が頭部と胸びれの間の体側面にあることで区別できる(エイ類では体の腹面にある)。カスザメ属は世界に10数種が知られ、日本近海にはカスザメS. japonicaのほかに、コロザメとタイワンコロザメS. formosaが分布している。 種としてのカスザメ(英名Japanese angelshark)は胸びれの外角がほぼ直角をなすこと、両眼の間の長さが左右の噴水孔の間の長さより短いこと、腹びれの後端が第1背びれの起部に達しないことなどでコロザメやタイワンコロザメと区別できる。全長2メートルほどになる。海底生活をし、砂に潜って近づいてくる魚などを待ち、口に吸い込んで食べる。生殖方法は胎生で、春に10尾内外の子を産む。北海道南部以南の日本各地の沿岸域、黄海、東シナ海に分布する。練り製品の原料になるほか、その粗い皮膚はやすり、刀剣の柄(え)の滑り止めなどにされる。国際自然保護連合(IUCN)のレッド・リストでは、絶滅危惧(きぐ)種中の「深刻な危機」(CR)に指定されている(2021年9月時点)。 [仲谷一宏 2021年10月20日] [参照項目] | |©大片忠明"> サメのおもな種類(3)〔標本画〕 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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