RPG stands for "rocket-propelled grenade," but the term often includes the launcher. It generally refers to a portable rocket launcher that is carried on the shoulder. The most widely used type is the RPG-7 made by the former Soviet Union and Russia, and licensed versions and copies are produced in many countries, including China and former Warsaw Pact countries. The launcher is cylindrical, with a trigger, a grip, and a simple sight. It is 95 cm long, has a caliber of 40 mm, and weighs 6.9 kg, but can be disassembled into two pieces for storage (length 63 cm). The rockets are standard shaped explosive anti-tank (HEAT) rounds with a maximum diameter of 85 mm (PG-7 round) or 70 mm (PG-7M round), and have an effective range of 300 m against moving targets and 500 m against stationary targets, but the maximum range is 920 m because the self-destruct mechanism occurs if the target is not hit within 4.5 seconds after launch. Within this distance, it can be fired either into the air or downwards from a high place, so it can be used against helicopters or in an arcing trajectory like a field gun. Because it is a simple rocket projectile without a guidance system, it is difficult to defend against, and protection against RPGs used by militants in Iraq and Afghanistan is a major issue. (Kensuke Ebata, Visiting Professor at the Institute of International Studies, Takushoku University / 2007) Source : "Chiezo" published by Asahi Shimbun Publications Co., Ltd. About Chiezo |
RPGは「ロケット推進式擲弾」の略だが、その発射機を含めていう場合が多い。一般的に携行型で肩に担いで発射するロケット弾発射機を指す。広く使われているのが旧ソ連・ロシア製のRPG‐7で、ライセンス生産型、コピー型は中国や旧ワルシャワ条約加盟国など多くの国で生産されている。発射機はロケット弾を先から装填する筒状で、引き金と把握部、簡単な照準器が付いている。長さ95cm、口径40mm、重さ6.9kgだが、2つに分解して収納(長さ63cm)できる。ロケット弾は標準的な成型炸薬型の対戦車弾(HEAT)の場合、最大直径が85mm(PG‐7型弾)または70mm(PG‐7M型)で、有効射程は動いている目標の場合300m、静止目標に対しては500mだが、発射後4.5秒経過しても命中しないときには自爆する仕組みになっているため、最大射程は920mとなる。この距離内なら上空に向けても、また高い場所から下に向けても発射できるため、ヘリコプターに対して、あるいは弾道(弧)を描かせて野砲のようにも使用できる。誘導装置を持たない単純なロケット弾であるためにかえって防御が難しく、イラクやアフガニスタンで武装勢力が使用するRPGに対する防護が大きな課題になっている。
(江畑謙介 拓殖大学海外事情研究所客員教授 / 2007年) 出典 (株)朝日新聞出版発行「知恵蔵」知恵蔵について 情報 |
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