Arnica - Arnica

Japanese: アルニカ - あるにか
Arnica - Arnica

A perennial plant of the Asteraceae family (APG classification: Asteraceae). The large basal leaves form a rosette, and the stems are 20-30 cm tall, erect, sometimes branched, and bear 1-3 flower heads at the top. In June-July, they bloom with orange-yellow flowers measuring 6-8 cm in diameter. The stems have a few small, opposite leaves, and are densely covered with glandular or soft hairs. Although it is not cultivated in Japan, it is commonly found in mountain grasslands in southern and central Europe, especially in the Alps, and is found in the lowlands of northwestern Germany. It has been a traditional folk medicine in Europe since ancient times, and the flowers and roots were used as a panacea. It is also an important drug in traditional medicine, with the flowers used to treat angina pectoris. When taken orally, it improves cardiac function and improves blood flow in the coronary arteries. It is also used externally for neuralgia, contusions, bruises, hemorrhoids, bleeding, etc.

[Motoo Nagasawa January 21, 2022]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

キク科(APG分類:キク科)の多年草。大きな根生葉はロゼット状をなし、茎は高さ20~30センチメートルで直立し、ときに分枝することもあり、先に頭花を1~3個つける。6~7月に橙黄(とうこう)色で径6~8センチメートルの花を開く。茎には対生する小さな葉を少数つけ、全体に腺毛(せんもう)または軟毛を密生する。日本では栽培していないが、ヨーロッパ南部、中央部の山地の草原、とくにアルプスの牧場によくみられ、ドイツ北西部の低地まで分布している。ヨーロッパでは古くからの民間薬であり、花と根を万能薬として用いた。また、伝統医学でも重要な薬物として花を狭心症の治療に用いる。経口投与で心臓機能を高め、冠動脈の血流を改善する作用がある。神経痛、挫傷(ざしょう)、打撲傷、痔(じ)、出血などに外用もする。

[長沢元夫 2022年1月21日]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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