A medical field that uses unsealed radioisotopes or radiopharmaceuticals to diagnose and treat diseases. In the case of diagnosis, there are two types: methods that are administered inside the human body and methods that are used outside the human body. The former include scintigraphy, which depicts various organs, tissues, and malignant tumors after administering a harmless, short-lived, gamma-ray-emitting nuclide that can be measured outside the body, and dynamic function tests (such as renograms). In addition, by collecting blood, urine, and feces and measuring their dose, it is possible to know the circulating blood volume, the life span of red blood cells, and the absorption state of vitamin B12 . The latter is a method that is performed entirely in a test tube using the patient's serum, such as radioimmunoassay. Nuclear medicine tests are safe and cause little pain to patients, but legal management is required to prevent radiation damage. A typical treatment is the treatment of hyperthyroidism with 131I . Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
非密封放射性同位元素あるいは放射性医薬品を用いて,疾患の診断や治療を行う医療分野。診断の場合,人体内に投与する方法と,人体外で使用する方法とに分けられる。前者には,無害,短半減期で,体外計測できるような γ 線放出性核種を投与したのち,各種臓器,組織や悪性腫瘍を描画するシンチグラフィーと,動態機能検査 (レノグラムなど) がある。また,血液,尿,糞便などを採取し,その線量測定を行うことにより,循環血液量,赤血球の寿命,ビタミン B12 吸収状態などを知ることもできる。後者は,患者の血清などを用いてすべて試験管中で行う方法で,放射免疫測定法 (ラジオイムノアッセイ) などがある。核医学検査は患者に与える苦痛が少く,安全な方法であるが,放射線障害防止のため,法律に基づいた管理が必要とされる。治療では,131I による甲状腺機能亢進症の治療が代表的である。
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