Jia Yi - Key

A Chinese politician during the reign of Emperor Wen in the Former Han Dynasty. He was from Luoyang (Henan Province). At just over 20 years old under Emperor Wen, he became a doctor and a Grand Chamberlain, and showed his talent, but due to the jealousy of the other ministers, he was demoted to Grand Tutor of the King of Changsha. He was later summoned by Emperor Wen again and became Grand Tutor to Emperor Wen's son, King Liang, where he made important proposals such as policies against the Xiongnu, measures to stabilize the people's livelihood, measures to control the feudal lords, and measures to suppress heavy farming and merchants, but he died of illness at the young age of 33. This was a time when the Former Han Dynasty, which established a unified empire following the Qin Dynasty, was finally beginning to stabilize, but his proposals suggest that social unrest, both external and internal, still remained. He was also known as a man of letters, and his works include "Ode to the Swan" and "Ode to the Plain."

[Kazuyuki Tsuruma]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、前漢文帝期の政治家。洛陽(らくよう)（河南(かなん)省）の人。文帝のときわずか20余歳で博士、太中大夫(たいちゅうたいふ)となり、その才気を現したが、諸大臣にねたまれて長沙(ちょうさ)王の太傅(たいふ)に左遷された。その後ふたたび文帝に召されて文帝の子の梁(りょう)王の太傅となり、対匈奴(きょうど)政策、民生安定策、諸侯王の統制策、重農抑商策などの重要な献策を行ったが、33歳の若さで病死した。秦(しん)に続いて統一帝国を建てた前漢王朝がようやく安定し始めた時期にあたるが、建言のなかには、依然として対外的、対内的な社会不安が残されていることがうかがえる。文人としても知られ、『鵩鳥賦(ふくちょうふ)』『弔屈原(ちょうくつげん)賦』などの作品がある。

［鶴間和幸］

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