unconditioned stimulus

Japanese: unconditioned stimulus（英語表記）unconditionedstimulus

…Then, the dog repeatedly hears a bell followed by a small amount of food. Because food always causes saliva secretion, this is called an unconditioned stimulus (US). By combining the bell with food, the dog will eventually begin to secrete saliva just from the bell. …

From "Conditioned Reflex"

…In a defensive conditioned reflex, if a bell is rung and an electric shock is repeatedly administered to the skin of the foot, the mere sound of the bell triggers a flexion reflex, and the subject learns to avoid the electric shock. In this case, the bell is called the conditioned stimulus (abbreviated as CS), and the food or the electric shock is called the unconditioned stimulus (abbreviated as US). The reaction caused by the conditioned stimulus is called the conditioned reflex (abbreviated as CR), and the reaction caused by the unconditioned stimulus is called the unconditioned reflex (abbreviated as UR). …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "unconditioned stimulus" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…次いで，ベル音のあと食餌を少し与えるという操作を繰り返し行う。食餌は唾液分泌を必ず起こすから，これを無条件刺激unconditioned stimulus(略称US)という。ベル音と食餌とを組み合わせると，やがてベル音のみで唾液分泌が起こるようになる。…

【条件反射】より

…防御条件反射では，ベル音を鳴らして足の皮膚に電撃を与えることを繰り返すと，ベル音を鳴らしただけで屈曲反射が起こり，電撃を避けるようになる。このときベル音を条件刺激conditioned stimulus(略称CS)といい，食餌や電撃を無条件刺激unconditioned stimulus(略称US)という。また条件刺激によってひき起こされる反応を条件反射conditioned reflex(略称CR)，無条件刺激でひき起こされる反応を無条件反射unconditioned reflex(略称UR)という。…

※「unconditioned stimulus」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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