Kaiho Fishing Village

A Confucian scholar of the late Edo period. His given name was Motobi, and his pen name was Goro or Shunnong. He was commonly known as Hikosaburo, and was also known by the alias Noriyuki, and his pen name was Gyomura. He was born on November 22, 1850, in Kitashimizu Village, Musa County, Kazusa Province (Yokoshibahikari Town, Sanbu County, Chiba Prefecture). His father was Kyosai, and his mother was a Kitada. He was the third son of three sons and one maid. He first learned how to read Chinese classics under his father, and in 1821 (Bunsei 4) he went to Edo and became a pupil of Ota Kinjo, where he studied eclectic studies. In 1830 (Tenpo 1), he opened a private school in Shitaya, Edo (Taito Ward, Tokyo), and called his study Soyoken. He was invited by feudal lords including Ikinokami Satake but did not serve them. In 1857 (Ansei 4), he was appointed by the shogunate as a professor of Confucianism at the Medical School. He is said to be the first person other than a samurai to be appointed as a professor. He died on September 18, 1866, at the age of 69. He is buried at the Tendai sect's Koryuzan Fugenji Temple in Honjo (Sumida Ward, Tokyo) (now relocated to Fuchu City, Tokyo). His academic style placed great importance on the study of the classics, and at first he used both old and new commentaries, but gradually he leaned towards old commentaries, and named his house Denkei-ro. His works include "Commentary on the Chinese Classics of the Zhouyi," "Commentary on the Chinese Classics of the Shangshu," "Poetry of Mao Zheng," and "Denkei-ro Congsho."

[Masahiko Miyake May 19, 2016]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

江戸後期の儒学者。名は元備、字(あざな)は郷老、春農。通称は彦三郎、別名を紀之、漁村は号。寛政(かんせい)10年11月22日、上総(かずさ)国武射(むさ)郡北清水村（千葉県山武(さんぶ)郡横芝光(よこしばひかり)町）に生まれる。父は恭斎(きょうさい)、母は北田氏。3男1女中の三男。初め父について漢文の訓読を習い、1821年（文政4）江戸に出て太田錦城(きんじょう)に入門し、折衷学を学ぶ。1830年（天保1）江戸下谷(したや)（東京都台東(たいとう)区）で家塾を開き、その書斎を掃葉軒(そうようけん)とよぶ。佐竹壱岐守(いきのかみ)をはじめ諸侯に招かれたが仕えず、1857年（安政4）幕府に登用されて医学館の儒学教授となる。武士以外を教授にした初めての例という。慶応(けいおう)2年9月18日没、69歳。本所(ほんじょ)（東京都墨田区）の天台宗高竜山普賢(ふげん)寺（現在、東京都府中市に移転）に葬られる。学風は経学を重んじ、初め古注・新注を併用したが、しだいに古注に傾き、自宅を伝経盧(でんけいろ)と名づけた。著書に『周易(しゅうえき)漢注考』『尚書漢注攷(こう)』『毛鄭(もうてい)詩義』『伝経盧叢鈔(そうしょう)』などがある。

［三宅正彦　2016年5月19日］

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