Masjid Ibn Tulun (English spelling)

Japanese: Masjid Ibn Ṭūlūn(英語表記)MasjidIbnTulun
Masjid Ibn Tulun (English spelling)

… [Wataru Miki]
[Art, Architecture]
Cairo has well-preserved remains that allow us to trace the stylistic transitions of Islamic architecture. Firstly, the Masjid Ibn Ṭūlūn (879) has well preserved the original character of the Mesopotamian style, followed by the Fatimid mosques of Al-Azhar (970-972), Hakim (990-991), and Akmal (1125), all of which feature monumental facades, as well as the city gates of Bāb al-Naṣr and Bāb al-Futūḥ (1087-92), whose grandeur is still felt today. Remains of the Ayyubid period include the fortress (Qal'a), built by Salah al-Din using Byzantine fortification techniques.

From the Tulunids

…The basis of the Tulunid dynasty was a powerful army made up of slave soldiers of Turks, blacks, Greeks, etc., and a prosperous Egyptian economy. In particular, the state revenues increased as they were no longer siphoned off by Baghdad, and they built the Masjid Ibn Ṭūlūn, the oldest surviving mosque in Cairo, and extended their influence into Syria, but they were unable to establish a stable rule. During the reign of the second ruler, Khumārawayh (reigned 884-896), they reached their zenith when the Abbasid caliph recognized their control over the area from Syria to eastern Anatolia in exchange for tribute, but financial difficulties caused by extravagance and internal unrest due to the emergence of the Qarmatians led to the Abbasid power in Baghdad regaining control again. …

*Some of the glossaries that mention "Masjid Ibn Ṭūlūn" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…【三木 亘】
[美術,建築]
 カイロには,イスラム建築の様式的変遷をたどるに十分な遺構がよく保存されている。まず第1に,メソポタミア様式のオリジナルな性格をよく保っているイブン・トゥールーン・モスクMasjid Ibn Ṭūlūn(879),次いでモニュメンタルなファサードなどを特色とするファーティマ朝のアズハル(970‐972),ハーキム(990‐991),アクマル(1125)の各モスク,また今日もなおその威容を伝えている市城門ナスル門Bāb al‐Naṣrとフトゥーフ門Bāb al‐Futūḥ(1087‐92)などが挙げられる。アイユーブ朝の遺構としては,サラーフ・アッディーンがビザンティンの築城技術を取り入れて築いた城砦(カルア。…

【トゥールーン朝】より

…トゥールーン朝の基礎は,トルコ系,黒人,ギリシア人などの奴隷軍人からなる強力な軍隊と,豊かなエジプトの経済であった。とくに,国庫収入はバグダードに吸い上げられることがなくなり,いっそう増大し,現存するカイロ最古のモスク建築であるイブン・トゥールーン・モスクMasjid Ibn Ṭūlūnを建設,シリアにも勢力を伸ばしたが,安定的支配を確立することはできなかった。2代目のフマーラワイフKhumārawayh(在位884‐896)時代には,貢納と引換えにシリアからアナトリア東部にわたる地域の支配権もアッバース朝カリフに認めさせ,最盛期を迎えたが,浪費による財政の窮乏とカルマト派の出現による国内の混乱のために,バグダードのアッバース朝権力が再びその支配を回復した。…

※「Masjid Ibn Ṭūlūn」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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