…It has been epidemic all over the world since ancient times, and in Japan it is designated as one of the legal infectious diseases. For a long time, it was unclear whether it was different from typhoid fever, but in 1909, Charles JHNicolle (1866-1936) proved that the pathogen was transmitted by lice, and in 1916, Henrique da Rocha-Lima (1879-1956) isolated and identified the pathogen, Rickettsia, and the true nature of the disease became clear. Infection occurs percutaneously through a wound in the skin, and the Rickettsia multiply in the intestines of lice that have sucked blood from the patient and are excreted with feces, which then attach to the human skin and enter the body with the feces through the wound where the blood-sucking bite was scratched. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "Nicolle, CJH" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…古くから世界各地で流行を繰り返し,日本でも法定伝染病の一つに指定されている。長い間,腸チフスとの異同は不明であったが,1909年,ニコルCharles J.H.Nicolle(1866‐1936)は,病原体がシラミによって媒介されることを証明し,さらに16年にダ・ロシャ・リーマHenrique da Rocha‐Lima(1879‐1956)が病原体のリケッチアを分離,同定して,本態が明らかになった。 感染は皮膚の傷口を通して起こる経皮感染で,患者から吸血したシラミの腸管内で増殖したリケッチアが糞とともに排出され,それがヒトの皮膚につき,吸血刺口を搔いた傷口から糞とともに体内に侵入することによって感染する。… ※「Nicolle,C.J.H.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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