...After about half a century of fierce fighting, the Knights of the Order conquered Prussia by 83 AD, and with the support of the Emperor and the Pope, established a powerful territorial sovereignty in the region comparable to that of the imperial princes. At the time, a Slavic principality had been formed in the area between the Weichsel River and Pomerania (Pomerellen), centered on Danzig, but the German Knights of the Order conquered it as well in the early 14th century, expanding their territory into Western Prussia. In the process of forming such a territory, the Knights of the Order built many cities, including Kulm, Torun, and Königsberg (now Kaliningrad), and systematically settled German peasants there (Eastern colonization). They also prospered economically through grain exports linked to the Hanseatic trade area, and their power reached its peak in the 14th century. From Pomorje…the name of the region in northwest Poland, on the Baltic coast. Pomorskie means "coast" in Polish, and is called Pomerania in English and Pommern in German. The Pomeranian region has a history of complex relations between the powers of Poland and Prussia, but most of it became Polish territory at the Potsdam Conference in 1945. *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Pommern" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…騎士修道会は,およそ半世紀に及ぶ激しい戦闘を通じて,83年までにプロイセンの征服をなしとげ,皇帝・教皇の支持のもとで,帝国諸侯のそれに匹敵する強力な領邦主権をこの地にうち立てた。そのころ,ワイクセル川とポンメルンPommern(ポモジェ)の中間地域(ポメレレンPomerellen)には,ダンチヒを中心にスラブ人の一公国が形成されていたが,ドイツ騎士修道会は14世紀初頭これをも征服し,西プロイセンに領土を拡大した。かかる領邦形成の過程で,騎士修道会はクルム,トルン,ケーニヒスベルク(現,カリーニングラード)をはじめ多くの都市を建設し,また計画的にドイツ人農民の入植を行わせ(東方植民),ハンザ商業圏と結びつく穀物輸出を通じて経済的にも大いに繁栄し,14世紀にその勢力は絶頂に達する。… 【ポモジェ】より…ポーランド北西部,バルト海沿岸地方の名称。ポモジェはポーランド語で〈沿岸部〉を意味し,英語でポメラニアPomerania,ドイツ語でポンメルンPommernという。ポモジェ地方はポーランドとプロイセンの勢力が複雑にかかわりあった歴史をもつが,1945年のポツダム会談でその大部分がポーランド領となった。… ※「Pommern」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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