procureur du roi (English)

Japanese: procureur du roi(英語表記)procureurduroi
procureur du roi (English)

…While judges are indispensable in trials, prosecutors as the prosecuting agents are not necessarily necessary. In premodern criminal trials, the judge was both the prosecuting agent and the judge, and cases were usually initiated by the court's own initiative, without relying on the principle of non-compliance. It is said that the involvement of state institutions as plaintiffs in criminal cases began with the 13th century French system of the procureur du roi. The procureurs received public accusations, requested the court to hear the cases, and also carried out tasks such as collecting fines and confiscating property, which can be said to be the beginning of the prosecutorial system. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "procureur du roi" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…裁判において裁判官が必要不可欠の存在であるのに対し,訴追者としての検察官は必然的なものとはいえず,近代以前の刑事裁判では,裁判官が訴追者と判断者とを兼ね,事件は〈不告不理の原則〉によることなく裁判所の職権で開始されるのが通例であった。刑事事件で国家機関が原告として関与するようになったのは,13世紀フランスの〈国王の代官procureur du roi〉の制度からであるといわれる。国王の代官は,一般の告発を受け,裁判所に事件の審理を求めるとともに,罰金の徴収,財産の没収などの事務を行ったのであり,検察制度の萌芽といえるものである。…

※「procureur du roi」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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