The Mitanni Kingdom was at its height of power during the reign of Saustatar in the 16th and 15th centuries BCE, and its territory included almost all of northern Syria, including Kizzuwatna and Alarakh (Tell Atchana) in southeastern Asia Minor, and extended to the areas of Nuzi and Kirkuk on the east bank of the Tigris River in the east. The background to the expansion of its power is thought to be the superiority of Mitanni horsemanship compared to other parts of the Orient, as can be inferred from the fact that the Hittites invited the Mitanni horse trainer Kikkuli to the country. Northern Syria entered a period of turmoil due to the Egyptian campaign against Syria by Thutmose III and the Hittite invasion of Aleppo, but three generations of kings, Artatama, Shuttarna, and Tushratta, maintained close ties with Egypt, including marriages to Thutmose IV and Amenhotep III, and a period of relative stability continued from the late 15th century BC to the early 14th century BC. *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Kikkuli" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
… ミタンニ王国は,前16,前15世紀のサウスタタルSaustatarのときに勢力が最大となり,その版図は小アジア南東部のキズワトナ,アララク(テル・アッチャナ)など北シリアのほぼ全域を含み,東部はティグリス川東岸のヌジ,キルクークの一帯にまで及んでいた。その勢力の伸長の背景には,ヒッタイトがミタンニの調教師キックリKikkuliを招聘していることなどから推測して,ミタンニの馬術がオリエント世界の他地域に比較して優れていたことがあげられる。エジプトのトトメス3世のシリア遠征,ヒッタイト王のアレッポ侵攻などにより,北シリアは一時混乱期を迎えるが,アルタタマArtatama,シュッタルナShuttarna,トゥシュラッタTushrattaの3代にわたって,トトメス4世,アメンヘテプ3世に入嫁させるなど,エジプトと密接な関係を維持,前15世紀後半から前14世紀初頭にかけて,比較的安定した時期が続いた。… ※「Kikkuli」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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