crypt

Japanese: crypt

...By covering the surface of this framework with columns, pilasters, moldings, etc., the linear expression was further strengthened, and combined with the pursuit of infinite verticality aiming at the "Kingdom of God" and the subtle effect of light passing through the stained glass walls, a fantastic and transcendental religious space was realized inside the church. With the development of crypts, memorial halls and tombs were moved here and incorporated into the basement of Romanesque churches, but in Gothic churches they were integrated into the church above ground as a small crypt or an auxiliary chapel. In Italy, independent baptistery was built until the end of the Middle Ages, but in other Western Europe, as baptismal forms changed, baptistery was also incorporated into the church from the 10th century onwards. ...

From the Small Intestine

…The surface area of the small intestine is three times that of a simple cylinder due to the presence of Körgling's folds, 30 times that of a simple cylinder (about 100,000 cm2) due to the presence of villi, and 600 times that of a simple cylinder (about 2 million cm2) due to the presence of microvilli, making digestion and absorption in the small intestine easy. In addition, glands called intestinal glands (Lieberkühn's glands or intestinal crypts) open between the villi. The mucosal surface is dotted with tonsil-like tissue called isolated lymph nodules or aggregate lymph nodules (Peyer's patches), the latter of which are only found in the ileum. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "crypt" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…この骨組みの表面を柱型･付柱，繰型(モールディング)などで覆うことによりその線的表現をさらに強化し，〈神の国〉を目ざす限りない垂直性の追求とステンド･グラスの壁を透過する微妙な光の効果とあいまって，堂内に幻想的で超越的な宗教的空間を実現した。クリプトcrypt(地下祭室)の発達にともなって記念堂，墓廟はここに移され，ロマネスクの教会堂の地下にとりこまれたが，ゴシックの教会堂では小祭室または付属礼拝堂として地上の教会堂と一体化した。イタリアでは中世末期まで独立した洗礼堂を造ったが，そのほかの西欧では洗礼形式の変化にともない，10世紀以降は洗礼堂も教会堂の一部にとりこんだ。…

【小腸】より

…小腸の表面積はまずケルクリングひだの存在により，単純な円筒としての面積の3倍となり，さらに絨毛の存在で30倍(約10万cm2)，微絨毛の存在で600倍(約200万cm2)という膨大なものとなり，小腸内での消化，吸収を容易にしている。また絨毛の間には腸腺(リーベルキューン腺Lieberkühn’s glandまたは腸陰窩（か）crypt)と呼ぶ腺が開口する。粘膜面には孤立リンパ小節あるいは集合リンパ小節(パイエル板Peyer’s patch)と呼ぶ扁桃に似た組織がところどころにあり，後者は回腸のみに存在している。…

※「crypt」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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