Arcade - arcade

Japanese: アーケード - あーけーど(英語表記)arcade
Arcade - arcade

In architecture, this refers to a series of identical arches that run horizontally. It also refers to the walkway-like space that they create. Arcades have been known since ancient times, but it was the Romans who first noticed their structural and decorative potential, and developed them into the most important feature of their architectural style. For example, the three-tiered arcades around the perimeter of the Colosseum are made up of a series of arches on a row of massive columns, with columns added as decoration in front of the columns. This style, called the Roman arcade, was used repeatedly in Roman architecture and was later revived in Renaissance architecture. In the late Roman Empire, arcades supported directly by columns, rather than by columns, were used, and this style became common in the Middle Ages. They were used in monastery cloisters, in colonnades separating the nave and side aisles of churches, and in rhythmic decoration of church facades. The early Renaissance also favored this style. Just as arches are varied, arcades are also diverse, with walled arcades and overlapping arcades being created. In modern times, covered passageways in shopping districts and the like are also called arcades, but this has no relation to arches; rather, it can be said to be an extension of the walkway-like nature of the ancient arcades.

[Shigetake Nagao]

Coliseum
It is the largest building in ancient Rome and is also known as the Colosseum. It is surrounded by three tiers of seats and a fourth tier of standing room only, and the top tier is decorated with a colonnade. Part of the World Heritage Site "Historic Centre of Rome, the Papal States and the Basilica of St. Paul the Great" (Italy/Vatican City, registered in 1980 and 1990) Rome, Italy ©Masashi Tanaka ">

Coliseum


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

建築において、同一のアーチが横に連続してできる形態。またそれがつくる歩廊的な空間をさす。アーケードは古くから知られていたが、その構造的、装飾的な可能性に注目したのはローマ人であり、彼らの建築様式のもっとも重要な特質となるまで発展させた。たとえばコロセウムの外周に3層に重ねられたアーケードは、重厚な角柱列の上にアーチを連続させ、角柱前面に円柱を装飾として付け加えたものである。ローマン・アーケードとよばれるこの形式はローマ建築に繰り返し使われ、のちルネサンス建築に復活された。ローマ帝政後期になると、角柱ではなく、円柱に直接支持されたアーケードが用いられ、それが中世には一般的なものとなった。すなわち修道院の回廊、教会の身廊と側廊を隔てる柱列に、また教会ファサード(正面)の装飾としてリズミカルに展開された。初期ルネサンスもこの形式を好んだ。アーチが変化に富むように、アーケードも多彩であり、壁付きのアーケードや互いに重なり合ったものなどがつくられるようになった。そして、現代では商店街などの屋根に覆われた通路もアーケードというが、アーチとはかならずしも関係なく、むしろかつてのアーケードの歩廊的性格を進展させたものといえよう。

[長尾重武]

コロセウム
古代ローマ最大の規模を誇る建築物で、コロッセオともいわれる。3層の座席と立見席(4層目)がぐるりと取り囲み、最上層は列柱で飾られていた。世界文化遺産「ローマ歴史地区、教皇領とサンパオロ・フォーリ・レ・ムーラ大聖堂」の一部(イタリア/バチカン市国・1980、1990年登録) イタリア ローマ©Masashi Tanaka">

コロセウム


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