Raphael

Japanese: ラファエロ
Raphael
A Florentine painter and architect of the Italian High Renaissance. Born in Urbino. He first studied under Perugino and was attracted by his lyrical style, but in 1504 he went to Florence, where he was influenced by Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci, and perfected classical art by pursuing ideal beauty while based on realistic chiaroscuro and fleshing. In 1508 he went to Rome, where he was treated well by Pope Julius II, and produced Dispute of the Eucharist and The School of Athens (1508-1511) on the walls of the Room of the Signatures in the Vatican Palace. He then worked on the decoration of the Sala Heliodorus, and painted The Fire of the Borgo and other works in the Sala dei Fire (1514-1515). In addition to these masterpieces of mural painting, there are many other Madonnas that well display the characteristics of Raphael's art, such as the Sistine Madonna (c. 1513, in the Dresden Picture Gallery) and the Gran Duca Madonna (1504, in the Pitti Gallery, Florence), and he also left behind masterpieces in portraits. As an architect, after the death of Bramante in 1514, he was the architectural director for the construction of St. Peter's Basilica. As the artist who most purely expressed the ideals of High Renaissance painting, he had a great influence on later generations.
Related topics: Ingres | Overbeck | The Carracci | San Gallo | San Paulo Museum of Art | Giulio Romano | Sebastiano del Piombo | Sodoma | Staatsgalerie Dresden | Vatican Museums | Batoni | Poussin | Peruzzi | The Borgia | Mengs | Pre-Raphaelites

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:
イタリア盛期ルネサンス,フィレンツェ派の画家,建築家。ウルビノ生れ。初めペルジーノに学び,その抒情的作風にひかれたが,1504年フィレンツェに出,ミケランジェロ,レオナルド・ダ・ビンチなどの影響を受けながら,写実的な明暗法,肉付法を基礎としつつ,理想美を追求して古典主義芸術を完成した。1508年ローマに出て教皇ユリウス2世の厚遇を受け,バチカン宮殿の〈署名の間〉の壁面に《聖体の論議》《アテナイの学堂》(1508年―1511年)を制作し,次いで〈ヘリオドロスの間〉の装飾に従事,また〈火災の間〉に《ボルゴの火災》などを描いた(1514年―1515年)。これら壁画の大作のほかにラファエロ芸術の特色をよく示すものとして,《システィナの聖母》(1513年ころ,ドレスデン絵画館蔵),《グランドゥーカの聖母》(1504年,フィレンツェ,ピッティ館蔵)等多くの聖母像があり,肖像画にも傑作を残している。建築家としては1514年ブラマンテの死後,建築監督としてサン・ピエトロ大聖堂の建築に従事した。盛期ルネサンスの絵画理念を最も純粋に表現した芸術家として後世に大きな影響を及ぼした。
→関連項目アングル|オーバーベック|カラッチ[一族]|サンガロ[一族]|サン・パウロ美術館|ジュリオ・ロマーノ|セバスティアーノ・デル・ピオンボ|ソドマ|ドレスデン国立絵画館|バチカン美術館|バトーニ|プッサン|ペルッツィ|ボルジア[家]|メングス|ラファエル前派

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