A woman famous as a heroine in Joruri and Kabuki. According to popular legend, she was the daughter of Tarobei the greengrocer from Oiwake Hongo, Edo. On December 28, 1682 (Tenwa 2), a fire broke out at Daienji Temple in Komagome, and while she was evacuating to Shosenji Temple (some say Enjoji Temple) in the same place, she fell in love with a temple page named Ikuta Shonosuke (some say Sahyoe), and after returning home, she was persuaded by a ruffian who lived in front of the Kichijoji gate to set fire to a house on the night of March 2nd of the following year, and was captured and burned to death at the execution grounds of Suzugamori on the 29th of the same year. Three years later, this tragic love story between the page Kichisa and the so-called "Oshichi Kichisa" was made into Ihara Saikaku's "Koshoku Gonin Onna" (Five Lovers), and around the Genroku period (1688-1704), it became famous as a song in a utazaimon (tragic rite of passage), and was widely dramatized. In joruri, it began with Kino Kaion's "Yaoya Oshichi Utazaimon" (1704), and the representative work is Suga Sensuke's "Date Musume Koi no Higanoko" (1773). In Kabuki, the oldest work, "Oshichi Kasaibun" (1706), the standard crest of Arashi Kiyosaburo who played Oshichi, "a sealed letter in a circle", became fixed as the crest of Oshichi on stage, and the hemp leaf kanoko kimono worn by Iwai Hanshiro V in Fukumori Kyusuke's "Sono Mukashi Koi no Edozome" (1809) became the costume pattern for Oshichi. In these plays, Oshichi is centered on the "yagura" scene, where she rings the forbidden half-bell or beats the drum to meet her lover Kichizo. Even in modern times, there have been plays by Okamoto Kidō and Mayama Seika. [Toshiaki Matsui] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
浄瑠璃(じょうるり)、歌舞伎(かぶき)などのヒロインとして有名な女性。巷説(こうせつ)によると、江戸本郷追分(おいわけ)の八百屋太郎兵衛の娘で、1682年(天和2)12月28日に駒込(こまごめ)の大円寺から出火した大火で同地の正仙寺(一説に円乗寺)に避難した際、寺小姓生田庄之助(いくたしょうのすけ)(一説に左兵衛)と恋仲になり、家に戻ったのち、吉祥寺(きっしょうじ)門前に住むならず者吉三郎にそそのかされ、火事があれば庄之助と会えると思い込み、翌年3月2日夜放火して捕らえられ、同29日鈴ヶ森の刑場で火刑に処せられたという。これが小姓吉三(きちさ)とのいわゆる「お七吉三」の悲恋物語として、3年後には井原西鶴(さいかく)の『好色五人女』に扱われ、元禄(げんろく)(1688~1704)ごろには歌祭文(うたざいもん)にうたわれて有名になり、広く劇化されるようになった。浄瑠璃では紀海音(きのかいおん)作『八百屋お七歌祭文』(1704)に始まり、代表作は菅専助(すがせんすけ)の『伊達娘恋緋鹿子(だてむすめこいのひがのこ)』(1773)。歌舞伎では最古の作といわれる『お七歌祭文』(1706)でお七に扮(ふん)した嵐喜代三郎(あらしきよさぶろう)の定紋「丸に封じ文」が、舞台のお七の紋として固定、また福森久助作『其往昔恋江戸染(そのむかしこいのえどぞめ)』(1809)で5世岩井半四郎の着た麻の葉鹿(か)の子の着付が、お七の衣装の型になった。これらのお七は、恋人の吉三に会うため、禁制の半鐘または太鼓を打つ「櫓(やぐら)」の場面が中心になっている。なお、近代に入ってからも岡本綺堂(きどう)、真山青果(せいか)らの戯曲がある。 [松井俊諭] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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