A general term for the laws that summarized the rights and customs of the ancient Irish people. The name comes from the fact that the professional legal class at the time was called Brehon. The first written version was written between 550 and 600, and was compiled around 740. The extant manuscript is from the 15th century, but it is written in ancient Irish and is a valuable document for understanding Irish society in the 7th and 8th centuries. The custom of equal inheritance of land by men (gavelkind) that was stipulated in this law was found illegal in a court of law in 1606, and the system of electing a successor to the chief from among his relatives while he was alive (tanistry) that was also found illegal by the British Crown Court in 1608. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
古代アイルランド人の諸権利および慣習をまとめた法律の総称。当時の専門の法律家階級がブレホンと呼ばれていたことからこの名がある。最初に文字で記されたのは550年から600年のころで,740年ころに集大成された。現存する写本は15世紀のものであるが,古代アイルランド語で書かれており,7~8世紀アイルランド社会を知るうえでも貴重な文献となっている。この法に定められていた男子均分相続土地所有(ガベルカインドgavelkind)の慣習は1606年に裁判で違法とされ,また,同法による族長後継者を族長在世中にその親族から選挙する制度(タニストリーtanistry)も1608年にイギリスの王座裁判所で違法と判決された。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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