Mitsusuke Akamatsu

Shugo of Harima, Bizen, and Mimasaka provinces in the mid-Muromachi period. He was the eldest son of Yoshinori. He succeeded Yoshinori after his death in 1427 (Oei 34). He became the head of the Samurai Office and also served as Shugo of Yamashiro province (Kyoto prefecture), and enjoyed an extremely high political status in the central political world. Meanwhile, the Shoguns of the Muromachi Shogunate gradually became more autocratic, which reached its peak during the reign of the sixth Shogun, Yoshinori, and many of the powerful Shugo daimyo had their family headships taken away or their territories reduced. Regarding the Akamatsu clan, the fourth Shogun Yoshimochi tried to take Harima Province away from Mitsusuke after Yoshinori's death and give it to his clan member Mochisada, while Shogun Yoshinori mistreated the head of the Akamatsu clan by confiscating the land of Yoshimasa (Mitsusuke's younger brother) in 1440 (Eikyo 12) and giving it to his clan member Sadamura. In this situation, Mitsusuke invited Shogun Yoshinori to his Nijo residence in Kyoto on June 24, 1441 (Kakitsu 1) and killed him during a banquet, then went down to Harima and rebelled against the shogunate (Kakitsu Rebellion). However, the shogunate was not prepared to pursue the Akamatsu clan, and it was not until August that a punitive force, mainly made up of the Yamana clan, began to take action. In September, Yamana's forces captured Sakamoto Castle at the foot of Shoshasanroku, a politically important point in Harima Province, and on the 10th they captured Koshibenosho Castle and Kinoyama Castle, the shugosho (guardian of the province), forcing Mitsusuke and Yoshimasa to commit suicide. Mitsusuke's eldest son, Noriyasu, fled to Ise Province (Mie Prefecture) but was killed, and the head family of the Akamatsu clan fell into ruin.

Mitsusuke served as Shugo for over a dozen years, and his control of the territory progressed as he further improved the ruling system that had been established during the time of his father, Yoshinori. In 1392 (Genchu ​​9, Meitoku 3), Yoshinori brought the Kokuga system of Harima Province under his control, and the Ogo clan, a former Kokuga Shomokudai and vassal of the Shugo, was appointed as the higher Shugodai and Nassho, and was given many important powers such as the collection of dansen and public duties, and the collection of taxes. The Uno clan was appointed as the lower Shugodai, the Uehara clan as the Nassho (two-person system), and the Uragami clan as the provincial inspector-magistrate. His posthumous name was Jishoindensozenseigu.

[Kishida Hiroyuki]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

室町中期の播磨(はりま)、備前(びぜん)、美作(みまさか)国守護。義則(よしのり)の嫡子。1427年（応永34）義則死没後その跡職を継ぐ。侍所(さむらいどころ)所司になり、山城(やましろ)国（京都府）守護をも兼ね、中央政界における政治的地位はきわめて高かった。一方、室町幕府の将軍はしだいに専制化の傾向を強めるが、それは6代将軍義教(よしのり)の代に至り頂点に達し、有力守護大名のなかには家督を取り上げられたり、所領を削られるものなどが相次いだ。赤松氏に関しても4代将軍義持(よしもち)は義則の死没後播磨国を満祐から取り上げて一族の持貞(もちさだ)に与えようとし、また将軍義教は1440年（永享12）義雅(よしまさ)（満祐の弟）の所領を没収して一族の貞村に分与するなど赤松氏惣領(そうりょう)家を冷遇した。このような情勢のなかで満祐は1441年（嘉吉1）6月24日将軍義教を京都二条邸に招き宴中に殺害し、播磨に下って幕府に背いた（嘉吉(かきつ)の乱）。しかし赤松氏追討をめぐる幕府内の態勢は整わず、8月に入りやっと山名(やまな)氏を主力とした追討軍の行動が開始された。山名軍は9月に入って播磨国の政治的要衝書写山麓(しょしゃさんろく)の坂本城を、さらに同10日には守護所越部庄(こしべのしょう)城（木）山(きのやま)城を攻略し、満祐、義雅らは自害した。満祐の嫡子教康(のりやす)は伊勢(いせ)国（三重県）に逃れたが殺害され、赤松氏惣領家は没落した。

　満祐の守護在職は十数年で、その領国支配は父義則の代に整備された支配機構をさらに整備するなかで進展した。すなわち、義則は1392年（元中9・明徳3）播磨国国衙(こくが)機構をその支配下に収めたが、かつての国衙小目代(しょうもくだい)であり守護被官の小河(おごう)氏は上位守護代、納所(なっしょ)に任ぜられ、段銭(たんせん)、公役などの譴責(けんせき)、徴収など多くの重要な権限を分掌した。なお、下位守護代には宇野氏、納所（2人制）に上原氏、国の検断奉行(ぶぎょう)に浦上(うらがみ)氏が任ぜられている。諡号(しごう)は慈照院殿相全性具。

［岸田裕之］

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