Nara [city] - Nara

Japanese: 奈良[市] - なら

Nara is a city in the Nara Basin in the northern part of Nara Prefecture. It was incorporated as a city in 1898. It is the prefectural capital. It occupies the northern part of the Nara Basin, the Kasagi Mountains to the east, and the Yata Hills to the west. The central city, located on an old alluvial fan at the foot of Mt. Wakakusa, originated from Heijo-kyo, which was founded in 710. Even after the capital was moved to Nagaoka in 784, it was in the area of Sakyo-tobo, which flourished as a temple town of Todai-ji Temple, Kofuku-ji Temple, and Kasuga Taisha Shrine. Although it suffered damage during the wars of the Genpei and Sengoku periods, commerce and industry developed under the control of temples and shrines, and in the Edo period the number of craftsmen and merchants increased, and it became a religious tourist city that attracted tourists on pilgrimages to Yamato. There are many historical sites, temples and shrines, and scenic spots. Nara Park (a scenic spot) famous for its deer is home to Todai-ji Temple, Kasuga Taisha Shrine, Kofuku-ji Temple, Nara National Museum, Manyo Botanical Garden, as well as Mt. Wakakusa and Kasuga Okuyama, which retains a primeval forest (a special natural monument). In addition, Shin-Yakushiji Temple is located at the southeastern edge of the city, Hokkeji Temple, Futaiji Temple, Heijo Palace ruins (special historic site), Akishino-dera Temple, and Yamato Bunkakan are located in Sahoji to the west of the city, Yakushiji Temple and Toshodaiji Temple are located in Nishinokyo, and Mikasa Onsen is located on the northern slope of Mount Wakakusa. Famous annual events include the burning of Mount Wakakusa, the collection of water, the Kasuga lantern festival, and the deer antler cutting. In 1950, Nara was designated an international cultural tourist city, and in 1966, the Ancient Capitals Preservation Law was applied. In 1998, the "Cultural Assets of Ancient Nara" were registered as a World Heritage Site (Todai-ji Temple, Kofuku-ji Temple, Kasuga Taisha Shrine, Gangoji Temple, Yakushi-ji Temple, Toshodai-ji Temple, Mount Kasuga primeval forest, and Heijo Palace ruins). There are many hotels, inns, restaurants, and souvenir shops. Traditional products such as brushes and ink, Narazuke pickles, and Akahada pottery are produced here, and modern industries include electrical equipment, plastics, dyeing and weaving, and food. In the surrounding areas, suburban agriculture such as vegetables, strawberries, tea, and shiitake mushrooms is practiced. Transportation to Osaka is convenient, and residential development is remarkable not only in the city area but also in the western area. Construction of Heijo-Soraku New Town is also underway, and it is part of the Kansai Culture and Academic Research City, and is also a commuter town for the Osaka metropolitan area. Nara Women's University, Nara University of Education, and Tezukayama University are among the universities that are located here. The Kansai Main Line, Nara Line, Sakurai Line, Kintetsu Nara-Kyoto-Kashihara Line, and Hanna Expressway pass through the area. In April 2005, Tsukigase Village in Soegami District and Tsuge Village in Yamabe District were incorporated. 276.94 ^km2 . Population: 366,591 (2010).
→ Related topics Nara Prefecture | Nara University of Education | Narazaka | Nara Women's University | Nara Magistrate | Nanto | Nishinokyo | Yagyu

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

奈良県北部，奈良盆地にある市。1898年市制。県庁所在地。奈良盆地北部と東の笠置山地，西の矢田丘陵を占める。若草山西麓の古扇状地上にある中心市街は710年創設の平城京に起源し，784年長岡遷都後も東大寺，興福寺，春日大社の門前町として栄えた左京外坊の地にあたる。源平・戦国の争乱による被害もうけたが，寺社支配の下，商工業が発展，江戸時代には手工業者，商人もふえ，大和詣での参拝遊山客を集める宗教観光都市となった。史跡，社寺，名勝が数多い。シカで著名な奈良公園（名勝）には東大寺，春日大社，興福寺，奈良国立博物館，万葉植物園，さらには若草山，原始林（特別天然記念物）を残す春日奥山がある。また市街南東端には新薬師寺，市街西方の佐保路(さほじ)には法華寺，不退寺，平城宮跡（特別史跡），秋篠寺，大和文華館，西ノ京には薬師寺，唐招提寺，若草山北部山腹に三笠温泉がある。年中行事では若草山山焼き，御水取，春日万灯籠，シカの角切りが有名。1950年国際文化観光都市に指定され，1966年には古都保存法が適用された。また，1998年には〈古都奈良の文化財〉が世界文化遺産に登録（東大寺，興福寺，春日大社，元興寺，薬師寺，唐招提寺，春日山原始林，平城宮跡）。ホテル，旅館をはじめ，飲食店，みやげ物店も多い。伝統的な筆墨，奈良漬，赤膚(あかはだ)焼の産があり，近代工業として電機・プラスチック・染織・食料品工業などもある。周辺部では野菜，イチゴ，茶，シイタケなどの近郊農業が行われる。大阪との交通が便利で，市街地のほか，西部一帯の住宅地化が著しい。平城・相楽ニュータウンの建設も進み，関西文化学術研究都市の一翼をになうとともに，大阪都市圏のベッドタウンにもなっている。奈良女子大，奈良教育大，帝塚山大などがある。関西本線，奈良線，桜井線，近鉄奈良・京都・橿原(かしはら)各線，阪奈道路などが通じる。2005年４月添上郡月ヶ瀬村，山辺郡都祁村を編入。276.94km²。36万6591人（2010）。
→関連項目奈良［県］｜奈良教育大学｜奈良坂｜奈良女子大学｜奈良奉行｜南都｜西ノ京｜柳生

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