Turkic peoples - Turk (English spelling)

Japanese: トルコ族 - トルコぞく(英語表記)Turkic peoples
Turkic peoples - Turk (English spelling)
A people belonging to the Altaic language family. They lived from the southern shore of Lake Baikal to the north of the Altai Mountains, and appeared in Chinese historical documents under the name Dingling from the end of the 3rd century BC. At the end of the 5th century, they established the Gaocha Kingdom in Dzungaria, and in the 6th century, the Turks rose in Mongolia and Central Asia. In the mid-8th century, the eastern part of the Turk Empire, which had been divided into eastern and western, was taken over by the Uighurs, but in the mid-9th century, this was also destroyed by the Kyrgyz. The Turks who migrated to Central Asia gradually changed from nomadic to settled life during this time, and Turkified the Irano-Aryan peoples of this region, and Turkestan was established here. However, some of the Turks went further west and became Islamized as mercenaries and slaves for the Abbasid Caliphate, and eventually established the Seljuk Empire with Baghdad as its capital, and came to dominate the Islamic world. The group then advanced into Asia Minor and established the Ottoman Empire, which destroyed the Byzantine Empire in 1453 and then conquered Egypt in 1517, becoming the leader of the Islamic world in both name and reality. When the Ottoman Empire fell after World War I, the Republic of Turkey was established under the leadership of Kemal Ataturk. The majority of the residents of the Sakha Republic, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, the Republic of Bashkortostan, and Azerbaijan are of Turkish descent.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
言語的にアルタイ語族に属する一民族。バイカル湖南岸からアルタイ山脈北方に分布し,前3世紀末頃から丁零の名で中国史料に現れる。5世紀末にはジュンガリアに高車国を建て,6世紀にはモンゴル,中央アジアに突厥が興った。8世紀中頃,東西に分裂していた突厥帝国の東部はウイグルによって受け継がれたが,9世紀中頃にはこれもキルギスによって瓦解させられた。中央アジアへ移動したトルコ族はこの間にしだいに遊牧から定着生活に移るとともに,この地方のイラン=アーリア系諸民族をトルコ化し,ここにトルキスタンが成立した。しかし,トルコ族の一部はさらに西へ進み,アッバース朝の傭兵,奴隷としてイスラム化し,やがてセルジューク朝を樹立してバグダードを首都とし,イスラム世界を実質的に支配するにいたった。さらに小アジアへ進出した一派は,オスマン帝国を建設し,1453年になってビザンチン帝国を滅ぼし,1517年にはエジプトをも押えて名実ともにイスラム世界の盟主となった。第1次世界大戦後,オスマン帝国が滅亡すると,ケマル・アタチュルクの指導するトルコ共和国が成立した。なお,サハ共和国,カザフスタン,キルギス,ウズベキスタン,トルクメニスタン,バシコルトスタン共和国,アゼルバイジャンなどの住民の大半はトルコ系である。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

<<:  Dorcopsis (English spelling)

>>:  Turkish March - Türkischer Marsch

Recommend

Boggart

…They disappear if you change their clothes, call...

Buyi people (Buyi people) - Buyi people (English spelling) Bù yī zú

An ethnic minority group found in southern Guizhou...

katydid

…Because of frequent locust infestations in 19th-...

Reaction rate

This refers to the speed at which a chemical reac...

Residence inspection - Ikenchi

...In each domain, the feudal lords conducted the...

Regular use - Joyouji

The time system commonly used by society in daily...

Peltigera canina (English spelling) Peltigera canina

… [Hiroyuki Kashiwatani]. … *Some of the terminol...

Elsevier

A typical example of concentration on a global sc...

Mount Kitahodaka

...To the north from Okuhotakadake, you pass thro...

Separation from the world - rizoku

〘 noun 〙 To leave worldly affairs; to leave the co...

Toaster - toaster (English spelling)

An electric toast toaster. There are various type...

IFJ - IFJ

《 International Federation of Journalists 》Interna...

Gyo (official rank) - Gyo

...However, this is not a strict system of offici...

Uji Futagoyama Kofun

...The reason why there are so many ancient tombs...

Principle of public trust

This principle protects those who trust the appea...