Independent Art Association

A Western painting group. Founded in November 1930 (Showa 5) by 13 members, including 11 members of the Nikakai, including Satomi Katsuzo, Kojima Zenzaburo, Kojima Zentaro, Hayashi Shigeyoshi, and Hayashi Takeshi, plus Migishi Kotaro of the Shunyokai and Takabatake Tatsushiro of the Kokugakai. Hoping to become independent from existing groups and establish art for a new era, the group welcomed Fukuzawa Ichiro, who had recently returned to Japan, as a member in January of the following year and held its first exhibition. Since then, with the exception of 1945, the group has held an exhibition every year, and currently holds an open exhibition in October. During this time, there were changes in membership, such as the withdrawal of Satomi and others in 1937 and Fukuzawa's expulsion in 1939, but Noguchi Yataro, Suda Kunitaro, Kobayashi Wasaku, Ebihara Kinosuke and others joined, and the group grew into a powerful independent group. When it was first founded, there was competition between strong personalities such as Fauvism and Surrealism, and it played an innovative role in the art world in the early Showa period, but gradually it added a Japanese sensibility, and after World War II it matured into a sophisticated figurative style. In recent years, however, with the deaths of the founding members and a change of generation, there has been a noticeable tendency toward abstraction.

[Eriko Saeki]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

洋画団体。二科会の里見勝蔵(かつぞう)、児島善三郎、小島(こじま)善太郎、林重義(しげよし)、林武(たけし)ら11名に春陽会の三岸好太郎(みぎしこうたろう)、国画会の高畠(たかばたけ)達四郎を加えた13名が1930年（昭和5）11月結成。既成団体より独立し新時代の美術を確立することを期し、翌年1月新帰朝の福沢一郎を会員に加え第1回展を開催。以後45年を除き毎年展覧会を開き、現在は10月に公募展を行う。その間、37年の里見らの脱退や39年の福沢の除名など会員に変動もあったが、野口弥太郎(やたろう)、須田国太郎、小林和作(わさく)、海老原喜之助(えびはらきのすけ)らが加わり、有力な在野団体に成長した。創立当初はフォービスムやシュルレアリスムなど強烈な個性の競合があり、昭和初期の画壇に革新的役割を果たしたが、しだいに日本的感覚を加味し、第二次世界大戦後は洗練された具象的作風を熟させていった。しかし近年では、創立会員の死去に伴う世代交代により、抽象化傾向が顕著となってきている。

［佐伯英里子］

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