Chinkinju

Chinese lawyer. His pen name was Hengshan. He was born in Zhejiang Province. After passing the Jinshi examination at the end of the Qing Dynasty, he studied in Japan and joined Sun Yat-sen's China Tongminghui. After graduating from Hosei University, he returned to Shanghai and opened a law practice. After the Manchurian Incident, he took the lead in the anti-Japanese national salvation movement, and in 1936 was arrested by the Nationalist government as one of the so-called Seven Gentlemen of the National Salvation Incident. During the war of resistance, he was in Chongqing and formed the China Democratic League with Zhang Lan and others, aiming to unite a third force. In September 1949, he participated in the National People's Political Consultative Conference in Beijing, and was appointed president of the Supreme People's Court when the People's Republic of China was established. He then became vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the 1st National People's Congress in 1954, and was re-elected for a second term in 1959, and died in office. As a symbol of democratic forces, he was loved by many people for his old-fashioned, long beard.

[Ando Hikotaro]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国の法律家。字(あざな)は衡山。浙江(せっこう／チョーチヤン)省出身。清(しん)末に進士の試験に合格後、日本に留学、孫文の中国同盟会に参加、法政大学を卒業して上海(シャンハイ)に帰り、弁護士を開業。「満州事変」以後、抗日救国運動の先頭にたち、1936年、いわゆる救国七君子事件の一人として国民政府に逮捕された。抗戦中は重慶(じゅうけい／チョンチン)にあって、張瀾(ちょうらん)らとともに中国民主同盟を結成して、第三勢力の結集を図り、1949年9月、北京(ペキン)での全国人民政治協商会議に参加、中華人民共和国成立と同時に最高人民法院院長に就任した。ついで1954年、第1期全国人民代表大会常務委員会副委員長、1959年、第2期でも再選され、現職のまま死去した。民主勢力の象徴として、その古風な長いひげの風貌(ふうぼう)とともに多くの人々に親しまれた。

［安藤彦太郎］

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