Stability

Japanese: 安定性 - あんていせい(英語表記)stability
Stability
When considering how the solution x ( t ) is affected when f or c is changed very slightly in the initial value problem for a differential equation dx / dt = f ( t , x ), x ( a ) = c , for example, a very small change in the initial value c may have a large effect on the global variation of x ( t ), or it may only have an effect commensurate with the small change in c . This latter property is called stability. Several mathematical formulations have been developed, and it has become an important topic in recent times.
In general, when a calculation contains a mechanism that multiplies small errors, instability becomes a major issue, in which a small error that would normally be ignored can completely change the result. In recent years, examples of nonlinear problems (→ linear differential equations) in which this type of property is essentially at work have become known.

Stability
Stability

The tendency of an aircraft to return to its original balanced flight state when disturbed by a gust of wind or other disturbance during steady flight. Static stability is when only the tendency to return to normal is considered, while dynamic stability is when the time course of the disturbance is considered. Depending on which axis of the aircraft is focused on, there are also vertical, lateral, and directional stability. Generally, aircraft with strong stability have poor maneuverability and maneuverability, so appropriate allocation of stability is required. Automatic stabilization devices and autopilots are used to compensate for the inherent stability of aircraft.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
微分方程式の初期値問題 dx/dtf(tx) ,x(a)=c において,f または c をほんの少し変えたとき,その解 x(t) がどのような影響を受けるかを考えるとき,たとえば初期値 c のほんの少しの変動が,x(t) の大域的変動に大きな影響を及ぼす場合と,c の変動の小ささに見合った影響しか受けない場合とがある。この後者の性質を安定性という。数学的にいくつかの定式化がなされ,最近の重要な課題となっている。
さらに一般に計算において,わずかの誤差を増殖させる機構が含まれていると,通常は無視してよいわずかな誤差が結果をまったく変えてしまう不安定性が大きな課題となる。近年,この種の性質が本質的に働いている非線形問題 (→線形微分方程式 ) の実例が知られてきている。

安定性
あんていせい
stability

航空機が定常飛行中に突風などの外乱を受けたとき,元の釣り合い飛行状態に戻ろうとする性質。復元の傾向のみを考慮する場合を静安定,動揺の時間的経過を考える場合を動安定という。また機体軸のいずれの軸まわりの回転運動に着目するかによって,縦安定,横安定,方向安定などの別がある。一般に安定性の強い機体は操縦性や運動性が悪くなるので,安定性には適当な配分が必要となる。航空機固有の安定性を補うため,自動安定装置,自動操縦装置が用いられる。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

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