A sect of the Christian church that spread to the Armenian region of Southwest Asia. Christian evangelism in Armenia began in the 2nd century. At the end of the 3rd century, Gregory, who was of royal descent, converted many citizens, including the then king Tiridates III. For this reason, he was called "Gregory the Enlightener" and "Apostle of Armenia." Armenia was probably the first country to officially adopt Christianity. Although Armenia did not participate in the Council of Chalcedon in 451, which established Diphysitism as orthodox, due to wars in the country, the church has taken an anti-Chalcedonian stance since the 6th century, and most of its members still accept Monophysitism today. However, it is said that it has no contact with other churches that take the same stance. After that, the church experienced a history of invasions by Persia and Muslims, and persecution by Turks and Russians in the early modern period, but the ethnic unity based on the church remains strong. Their doctrine is similar to that of the Eastern Orthodox Church, and their worship is based on the Basilian liturgy. The translation of the Bible (Armenian Bible) was also completed around Mesrop in the 4th to 5th century. Another characteristic of this church is that it celebrates the birth of the Lord on Epiphany (also called Epiphany, January 6th). [Eizo Kikuchi] [Reference item] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
西南アジアのアルメニア地方に広まったキリスト教教会の一派。アルメニアにおけるキリスト教伝道は2世紀に始まる。3世紀末には、王家の出身であるグレゴリウスが、当時の国王ティリダテス3世をはじめ多くの国民を改宗させた。このため、彼は「啓蒙(けいもう)者グレゴリウス」「アルメニアの使徒」とよばれた。おそらくアルメニアはキリスト教を公式に採用した最初の国といえよう。451年のキリスト両性論を正統としたカルケドン公会議には自国の戦乱のため参加しなかったが、当教会は6世紀以降、反カルケドンの立場をとって、今日もなおその大半はキリスト単性論を受け入れている。ただし、同じ立場をとる他教会との交流はないといわれる。その後は、ペルシアやイスラム教徒の侵入をはじめ、近世以降はトルコ人やロシア人による迫害の歴史をたどったが、教会を基盤とした民族的結合は固い。彼らの教理は東方正教会と似ており、礼拝は「バシリオス典礼」に基づいている。聖書の翻訳(アルメニア語聖書)も4~5世紀メスロプを中心に完成。また、主の生誕を公現日(こうげんび)(顕現日ともいう。1月6日)を中心に祝っているのも当教会の特色の一つである。 [菊地栄三] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
>>: Armenia (English spelling)
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