Djeser (English spelling)

Japanese: ジェセル（英語表記）Djeser

The second king of the Third Dynasty of Ancient Egypt. Reigned from 2635 to 2615 BC. Constructor of the Step Pyramid at Saqqara. He put an end to the domestic turmoil at the end of the Second Dynasty and finally established the idea of a god king based on the worship of Horus, the god of heaven, which had been pursued throughout the Early Dynastic Period. He also established a central administrative system with a vizier at the top and a local administrative system based on a nomos system, ushering in a period of prosperity for the Old Kingdom. The step pyramid was created as a unique form of royal tomb suitable for a god king who reigned over a centralized state. It was originally designed as a square mastaba, and after five changes to the plan, it was completed as a six-tiered pyramid with a base measuring 125m east to west and 109m north to south and a height of about 62m. It was the first stone building in Ancient Egypt.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

古代エジプト第3王朝2代目の王。在位，前2635年ころ‐前2615年ころ。サッカラの〈階段ピラミッド〉の建設者。第2王朝末期の国内の混乱を収拾し，初期王朝時代を通じて追求された天の神ホルス信仰に基づく〈神王理念〉を最終的に確立した。また宰相を頂点とする中央行政機構および州(ノモス)制に基づく地方行政機構を整備し，古王国の繁栄期を開いた。中央集権国家に君臨する神なる王にふさわしい王墓独自の形式として創出されたのが〈階段ピラミッド〉で，初め正方形のマスタバとして設計され，5度の計画変更の末，東西125m，南北109mの底辺と約62mの高さをもつ6段のピラミッドとして完成された古代エジプト最初の石造建築である。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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