Industrial Rationalization Movement

Japanese: 産業合理化運動 - さんぎょうごうりかうんどう

The rationalization of industry in general, in the sense of increasing profits by improving labor productivity, is as old as capitalism itself. However, as a historical term, it refers primarily to a series of industrial policies advocated as national movements in Western countries in the 1920s (see the entry on rationalization). These trends in Europe and the United States in the 1920s were quickly adopted in Japan at the end of the Taisho period, with the introduction of the Taylor System (scientific management) and efforts to increase the efficiency of each company, which were beginning to produce certain concrete results in the cotton spinning industry and other areas.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

労働生産性の向上によって利潤の増大を図るという意味での一般的な産業の合理化は，いわば資本主義の歴史とともに古い。しかし，歴史的用語としてのそれは，もっぱら1920年代に欧米各国での国民運動として提唱された一連の産業政策をさしている(〈合理化〉の項参照)。この1920年代欧米での動向は大正末期の日本にもいちはやくとり入れられ，テーラー･システム(科学的管理法)の紹介や各企業ごとの能率の増進などが図られ，綿紡績業などで一定の具体的成果をもたらしつつあった。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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