An Egyptian nationalist movement led by Colonel Ahmad Arabi and centered around the Watan (Fatherland) Party, founded in 1879. It is also called the Arabi movement. Its immediate objective was to criticize and resist the international control of Egyptian finances since 1876 and the rapid strengthening of European rule (the establishment of the so-called "European Cabinet"). Reflecting the complex ruling system of the time, including Ottoman suzerainty, interference in Egyptian domestic affairs by Western powers, and a ruling class made up of Turks, Circassians, and others, its claims had many facets, including anti-Western, anti-Ottoman, and anti-Khediv, but its main theme was the elimination of foreign rule and the restriction of Khediv powers by establishing a constitutional system and establishing a parliament. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
1879年に結成されたワタン(祖国)党を中心勢力とし,アフマド・アラービー大佐を指導者とするエジプトの民族運動。オラービー運動ともよばれる。直接的には,1876年以降のエジプト財政の国際管理とそこで急速に強化されたヨーロッパ人支配(いわゆる〈ヨーロッパ内閣〉の成立)に対する批判と抵抗であった。オスマン帝国の宗主権,西欧列強のエジプト内政への干渉,トルコ人,チェルケス人等からなる支配階層など,当時の複雑な支配体制を反映して,その主張は反西欧,反オスマン帝国,反ヘディーウなど,さまざまな側面をもっていたが,その基調は,立憲制の確立と議会の開設による外国支配の排除とヘディーウ権限の制限であった。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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