Border Guard

Japanese: 国境警備隊 - こっきょうけいびたい（英語表記）border guard

An organization that defends and guards the border, and may be a part of a regular army or an armed group organized separately from the regular army in a similar manner to the military. The latter is common in former communist countries, and usually has the main task of monitoring smuggling and illegal immigration, but in times of war, it participates in combat alongside the military. A typical example of this is the border guard force Pogranichnye voiska of the former Soviet Union, which had about 200,000 troops as of 1980 and whose tasks in addition to regular border patrol were maintaining waterways within territorial waters and protecting living fish resources.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

国境線を防衛し，警備する組織をいい，正規軍の一部隊である場合と，正規軍とは別個に，軍隊に準じて組織された武装集団である場合とがある。後者はかつての共産圏諸国で一般的で，通常，密輸出入，密出入国の監視などを主任務とするが，戦時には軍隊とともに戦闘に参加する。この典型が旧ソ連の国境警備隊Pogranichnye voiskaで，1980年現在兵力約20万をもち，通常の国境警備のほか領海内の水路保持，魚類生物資源の保護までも任務としていた。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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