It is also called artificial leather, synthetic leather, or imitation leather. It is a high-grade improvement of polyvinyl chloride leather. Depending on the material of the surface layer of the woven or nonwoven fabric, it is roughly divided into polyurethane-based, polyamide-based, and polyamino acid-based, with polyurethane-based being the most common. The manufacturing method is to apply a polyurethane solution onto a pattern paper, dry it, and then apply a polyurethane solution containing a foaming agent as necessary, heat it to foam, and then add the polyurethane solution again to create a sandwich structure. The previous urethane layer is then adhered to the woven or nonwoven fabric, and the pattern paper is peeled off to finish the surface. There are foamed products and dry products. In addition, artificial leather has recently been rapidly developing as a substitute for natural leather. [Hiroshi Kakiuchi] "Modern Engineering Library: Nonwoven Fabrics and Synthetic Leather" by Jun Mizuno, supervised by the Japan Society of Professional Engineers (1970, Chijin Shokan)" ▽ "Chemistry of One Hundred Million People 6: Fashion and Chemistry" edited by the Chemical Society of Japan (1992, Dai Nippon Tosho) ▽ "Leather: From the Inside" by Kiminaga Deguchi (1999, Kaiho Publishing) [Reference items] | | | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
人造皮革、人工皮革や擬革ともいう。ポリ塩化ビニルレザーの改良品として高級化されたものである。織布または不織布の表面層の材料によってポリウレタン系、ポリアミド系およびポリアミノ酸系に大別され、もっとも多いのはポリウレタン系である。製造方法は、雛(ひな)型紙上にポリウレタン溶液を塗布し、乾燥させたあとにさらに必要に応じて発泡剤を添加したポリウレタン溶液を塗布し、加熱発泡させたのち、ふたたびポリウレタン溶液を加えてサンドイッチ構造をつくりあげる。その後、織布または不織布上に先のウレタン層を接着し、雛型紙を剥離(はくり)して表面仕上げをする。発泡製品と乾式製品とがある。なお、天然皮革代替品として人工皮革が最近急速に進歩している。 [垣内 弘] 『日本技術士会監修、水野淳著『モダンエンジニアリングライブラリー 不織布および合成皮革』(1970・地人書館)』▽『日本化学会編『一億人の化学6 ファッションと化学』(1992・大日本図書)』▽『出口公長著『皮革あ・ら・か・る・と』(1999・解放出版社)』 [参照項目] | | | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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