Ganda tribe - Ganda (English spelling)

Japanese: ガンダ族 - ガンダぞく（英語表記）Ganda

An ethnic group of the Interlake Bantu peoples living in the western and northern parts of Lake Victoria in Uganda. With a population of over 3 million, they are the largest in the country. The Ganda region is the most fertile in the country, and the people are primarily farmers who grow bananas, but also grow cotton, coffee, and other cash crops, and raise livestock. They formed a kingdom, and the people were integrated into a centralized state with a king who was also the highest priest. The Ganda Kingdom was a small kingdom that branched off from the Bunyoro-Kitara Kingdom, which once ruled over the entire area from southwestern Uganda to northwestern Tanzania, but as the Nyoro Kingdom declined in the 17th century, it expanded, and became powerful in the 18th century. Unlike neighboring kingdoms, they had a standing army, and in the 19th century, they strengthened their military power with guns acquired from Arab merchants. The political organization largely eliminated hereditary succession and developed a highly organized bureaucratic system appointed by the king. Commoners trace their descent through the patrilineal line, but princes belonged to their mother's clan, so there was no royal family. Even after colonization, the country maintained a high standard of living and education, but the monarchy was abolished in 1966. Religiously, Christianity is widespread, but ancestor worship and magical beliefs are also popular.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

ウガンダのビクトリア湖西・北部に居住する湖間バンツー語系諸族の一民族。人口 300万人以上で，国内最大。ガンダ地方は国内でも最も肥沃な土地であり，主としてバナナを栽培する農耕民であるが，綿花，コーヒーなどの換金作物も栽培し，家畜を飼養する。王国を形成し，人々は最高司祭でもある王を戴く中央集権国家に統合されていた。ガンダ王国はかつてウガンダ南西部からタンザニア北西部一円を支配したブニョロ＝キタラ王国から分岐した小王国にすぎなかったが，17世紀に入りニョロ王国が衰退するとともに伸張し，18世紀に強大となる。近隣諸王国と異なり常備軍を備え，19世紀にはアラビア商人から入手した鉄砲で兵力を強化した。政治組織は，世襲制を大幅に排し，王の任命による高度に組織化された官僚制度を発達させた。平民は父系出自をたどるが，王子たちは母の氏族に属したので，王族は存在しなかった。植民地化後も，生活および教育水準は高く国内で優位を維持したが，1966年，王制は廃止となった。宗教的にはキリスト教が普及しているが，祖霊崇拝や呪術信仰も盛んである。

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