…meaning “the king’s assembly” in Latin, it was a meeting of feudal lords held by the king under the medieval feudal monarchy. It was the successor to the Carolingian “Placitum,” and was inherited by the Capetian dynasty in France and the Plantagenet dynasty in England. From [Impeachment]...It generally refers to the criminal prosecution process in the legislature, but also refers to the disqualification of certain public office-holders from office or from holding them liable for criminal punishment by a resolution of Parliament or a trial by a special court, in addition to the imposition of criminal penalties by the court. The system of impeachment originated from the absolute judicial function of the Curia Regis in medieval England, and was formed in the Parliament that took over that function in the 14th century as a procedure in which the House of Commons prosecuted and the House of Lords tried. It also targeted private individuals, but it was used especially to exercise Parliament's oversight function on the government, as a means of imposing penalties on ministers and high-ranking officials for misconduct and removing them from office. ... *Some of the terminology explanations that refer to the "Wang Kai" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ラテン語で〈国王の会議〉を意味し,中世封建王政の下において,国王が封建諸侯を招いて開催した〈王会〉。カロリング時代の〈諸侯会議Placitum〉を継承したもので,カペー王朝のフランスとプランタジネット朝のイングランドに受け継がれた。… 【弾劾】より…広く立法部における刑事訴追手続を指すが,また,一定の公職にある者の非行に対しその責任を問い,司法上の刑事罰を科すこととは別に,議会の決議や特別な裁判所の裁判によりその者の地位や公職就任の資格を剝奪することを指す。 弾劾の制度は,中世のイギリスにおける王会(クリア・レギス)が有した絶対的司法機能に起源を発し,14世紀にその機能を受け継いだ議会で,下院が訴追し上院が裁判するという手続として形成された。一般私人も対象としたが,それは,とくに議会による政府の監督機能を発揮することを目的とし,国王の大臣や高級官吏の非行について刑罰を科しその者を罷免させる手段として用いられた。… ※「王会」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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