Sulfinyl chloride - encasulfinyl

SOCl ₂ (118.97). The common name allowed by IUPAC nomenclature is thionyl dichloride. The addition system name is sulfur dichloride oxide. It is synthesized by the reaction of S ₂ Cl ₂ or SCl ₂ with SO ₃ , or by the reaction of PCl ₅ with SO _2. At room temperature, it is a colorless, fuming liquid with a pungent odor. Its density is 1.66 g cm ⁻³ (20 °C). The gas molecule is a trigonal pyramid with S at the apex, S-O 1.48 Å, S-Cl 2.07 Å. ∠Cl-S-O 108.0°, ∠Cl-S-Cl 97.0°. Its melting point is −105 °C and boiling point is 78.8 °C. At temperatures above 140 °C, it decomposes to S ₂ Cl ₂ , SO ₂ , and Cl _2. It reacts violently with water to form SO ₂ and HCl. Soluble in benzene, chloroform, etc. In organic synthesis, it is used as an oxidizing agent and chlorinating agent. For example, it converts -OH or -SH groups to -Cl groups to make acyl chlorides, and it converts Grignard reagents into sulfoxides. It is hazardous to the skin and mucous membranes. "Thionyl chloride and preparations containing it" are categorized as hazardous substances under the Poisonous and Deleterious Substances Control Law, "thionyl chloride" is categorized as a dangerous or harmful substance requiring notification of its name under the Industrial Safety and Health Law, and as a Type 2 designated substance - raw material under the Chemical Weapons Prohibition Law. [CAS 7719-09-7]

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

SOCl₂(118.97)．IUPAC命名法で許される慣用名は二塩化チオニル．付加方式体系名はジクロリドオキシド硫黄．S₂Cl₂またはSCl₂とSO₃との反応や，PCl₅とSO₂との反応などで合成される．室温では，無色，発煙性の刺激臭のある液体．密度1.66 g cm^－3(20 ℃)．気体分子はSを頂点とする三方すい型で，S-O1.48 Å，S-Cl2.07 Å．∠Cl-S-O108.0°，∠Cl-S-Cl97.0°．融点－105 ℃，沸点78.8 ℃．140 ℃ 以上で分解してS₂Cl₂，SO₂，Cl₂ になる．水とははげしく反応してSO₂とHClになる．ベンゼン，クロロホルムなどに可溶．有機合成で，酸化剤や塩素化剤として使われる．たとえば，-OHや-SH基を-Cl基にかえて塩化アシルをつくったり，グリニャール試薬をスルホキシドにかえる作用をする．皮膚，粘膜などをおかす．「塩化チオニル及びこれを含有する製剤」は毒物及び劇物取締法・劇物，「塩化チオニル」は労働安全衛生法・名称等を通知すべき危険物及び有害物，化学兵器禁止法・第2種指定物質-原料物質である．[CAS 7719-09-7]

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