A clutch that transmits rotation from the drive shaft in only one direction to the driven shaft, and automatically spins when rotation occurs in the opposite direction. Because the drive side can overtake the driven side and rotate, it is also called an overrunning clutch or a freewheel clutch. Representative examples include ratchet clutches for bicycles that use pawls and steel balls, roller-type one-way clutches in which steel balls are fitted into wedge-shaped grooves, and sprag-type one-way clutches that use sprags such as balls and tops. Some of these types of clutches are also used in small-power continuously variable transmissions. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
駆動軸側からの一方向のみの回転を従動軸に伝え,逆方向の回転に対しては自動的に空転するクラッチ。駆動側が被駆動側を追越して,回転することもできるので,オーバランニングクラッチ,フリーホイールクラッチともいわれる。爪と鋼球を用いた自転車用のラチェット式クラッチ,鋼球を楔状の溝にはめこんだころ入り一方向クラッチ,球,こまなどのスプラグを利用したスプラグ式一方向クラッチなどが代表的である。この種のクラッチの一部は,小動力の無段変速機にも利用されている。
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