vijñāna (English spelling) vijnana

Japanese: vijñāna（英語表記）vijnana

…In ancient India, the word manas (translated into English as mind) was used to describe spiritual and vital things, and in early Buddhism the word vijñāna was used to classify the phenomenal world (the five aggregates theory) and explain its origin (the theory of the twelve dependent origins), and it meant the function of discernment and the principle of individuation. During the Mahayana Buddhism, the idea of Yogacara emerged, which attempted to explain everything through the consciousness of the twelve dependent origins, and in this theory the sixth consciousness that unifies the five consciousnesses related to the five senses was called consciousness. …

From Gaudapada

…In the Māṇḍūkya‐Kārikā (also called Gaudapadīya‐Kārikā), which is attributed to him, the non-dual monism is clearly stated for the first time, stating that the phenomenal world experienced during awakening is false, just like the world experienced in dreams, that reality is non-dual advaita, and that the individual self and the atman are not different. The later chapters are more Buddhist in tone, and especially in the final chapter, there is a theory that the world is a manifestation of vijñāna consciousness, which is very similar to the Buddhist Yogacara school's theory of "non-realm of consciousness" and "transformation of consciousness." The author of the Gaudapadābāśiya, a commentary on the Sāṅkhya‐Kārikā, is thought to be a different person with the same name. …

From the Five Aggregations

…Samskara (action) refers to various mental functions, including the willpower that produces actions. Vijñana (consciousness) refers to the six consciousnesses of eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and consciousness. [Kouichi Yokoyama]…

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "vijñāna" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…古代インドには，霊的，生命的なものを言い表す言葉の一つとして〈意manas〉(英語ではmindと訳される)という語があったし，また原始仏教では，現象界の分類(五蘊（ごうん）説)やその生成の説明(十二縁起説)に関して〈識vijñāna〉という語が用いられ，それによって了別の働きや個性化の原理が意味されていた。大乗仏教の時代には，十二縁起のうちの〈識〉によっていっさいを説明しようとする唯識思想(唯識説)が現れ，その中で，五官にかかわる五識を統一する第六識が〈意識〉と呼ばれていた。…

【ガウダパーダ】より

…彼に帰せられる《マーンドゥーキヤ･カーリカーMāṇḍūkya‐Kārikā》(別名《ガウダパーディーヤ･カーリカー》)には，覚醒時に経験する現象界は，夢で経験する世界と同じく虚妄であり，真実は不二advaitaであり，個我とアートマンは不異であると，不二一元論が初めて明らかに述べられている。後の章になるほど仏教的色彩が濃く，特に最終章では，世界は識vijñānaの顕現したものであると，仏教瑜伽行派の〈唯識無境〉〈識の転変〉説に酷似した説が見られる。《サーンキヤ･カーリカー》の注釈書《ガウダパーダ･バーシヤ》の著者は，同名異人と考えられる。…