macula

Japanese: macula

The optic disc is the boundary between two distinct systems of the intraocular circulatory system, and the subarachnoid space extends immediately beyond the eyeball, making it an area that often shows clinically unique findings.
[Macula]
The central part of the fundus has the best vision. In particular, the fovea, which focuses the image, is an avascular area and the retina is somewhat thin.

From [Rash]

…There are the following distinctions: (1) Macula: A lesion that is characterized by a change in color without any three-dimensional change, and cannot be felt by touching with eyes closed. Erythema is red in color, and purpura is purple-red in color. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "macula" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…視神経乳頭はこのほか，眼内循環系からみて異なった2系統の境界となっていることや，眼球の直後までくも膜下腔がつづいていることなどが特徴となって臨床的に特異な所見を示すことが多い。
［黄斑macula］
　眼底中央部で，最も視力のよい部分。とくに焦点を結像する中心窩（か）foveaは，無血管野となり網膜もやや薄くできている。…