Superalloy

Japanese: superalloy
Superalloy

…These are heat-resistant alloys used below the service temperature range of heat-resistant steel. Even austenitic heat-resistant steels are often difficult to use at temperatures above 800°C, so nickel-based, cobalt-based, and chromium-based alloys, known as superalloys, have been researched and developed for use at temperatures above this range. The higher the melting point of the material, the slower the movement speed of metal atoms in the base structure, so alloys of molybdenum, tungsten, tantalum, niobium, and other materials have been studied and developed with the aim of increasing high-temperature strength. …

Nickel alloys

...Even within this alloy system, there are improved alloys that contain additional elements.
[Nickel-based super heat-resistant alloy]
Superalloys, also known as super alloys, are a general term for a series of materials developed for use under high temperatures and high stress, such as in jet engine turbine blades, among which nickel-based alloys are the mainstream. They are complex alloys that combine 30-75% nickel, up to about 30% chromium, up to about 35% iron, up to about 20% cobalt, etc., with small amounts of aluminum, titanium, niobium, molybdenum, tungsten, etc., and there are a large number of types. …

*Some of the terminology that refers to "superalloy" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…これらは耐熱鋼の使用温度範囲以下で用いられる耐熱合金である。耐熱鋼はオーステナイト系耐熱鋼でも800℃以上での使用は困難になる場合が多いので,これ以上の温度で使用するのを目的として研究,開発されたものに超合金superalloy(スーパーアロイともいう)と呼ばれるニッケル基合金,コバルト基合金,クロム基合金がある。素地の構造中での金属原子の移動速度はその材料の融点が高いほど小さいので,モリブデン,タングステン,タンタル,ニオブなどの合金が高温強度を上げる目的で検討,開発されてきた。…

【ニッケル合金】より

…この合金系にも,さらに添加元素を加えた改良合金がある。
[ニッケル基超耐熱合金]
 スーパーアロイsuper alloyとも呼ばれる超耐熱合金は,主としてジェットエンジンのタービンブレードなど高温・高応力下で使用するものとして開発された一連の材料の総称であるが,このなかでもニッケル基合金が主流である。ニッケル30~75%,30%程度までのクロム,35%程度までの鉄,20%程度までのコバルトなどを組み合わせ,さらに少量のアルミニウム,チタン,ニオブ,モリブデン,タングステンなどが添加されている複雑な合金であり,種類はきわめて多い。…

※「superalloy」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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