Takada Plain - Takada Heiya

A plain that spreads across the Arakawa River basin (upstream is the Seki River) in southwestern Niigata Prefecture. It is one of the three major alluvial plains in Echigo, and is also called the Kubiki Plain. It is 20 kilometers long from north to south, has an area of ​​280 square kilometers, and is triangular in shape. The depositional surface is a composite alluvial fan formed by the radial outflows of the Yashiro River, Bessho River, Iida River, and Hokura River. The front of the plain is blocked by the Kubiki Sand Dunes, forming a lagoon. Along the river, the Arai district of Myoko City and Joetsu City form the Joetsu coastal industrial zone, and the plain is the grain-producing region of Joetsu rice. This plain was the first to be developed in Echigo, and in ancient times it was the center of Kubiki County, where the provincial capital and provincial temples of Echigo Province were located. The remains of the jori (traditional Japanese grid) can be seen around Sato Ijimino and Koshi. In the early modern period, water from the Seki River was taken from the valley mouth and diverted to the alluvial fan at the foot of the mountain, and irrigation channels such as Kamie, Nakae, and Inarie were constructed. During the Kanbun era (1661-1673), the lagoon behind the sand dunes was reclaimed by the Obuke Lagoon, and many new rice fields and villages were born. After World War II, the development of the Kubiki oil and gas fields, centered around the Kubiki sand dunes, led to the formation of the Joetsu coastal industrial zone.

[Hisao Yamazaki]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

新潟県南西部、荒川(あらかわ)（上流は関川）流域に広がる平野。越後(えちご)の三大沖積平野の一つで、頸城平野(くびきへいや)ともよばれる。南北の長さ20キロメートル、面積280平方キロメートルで三角形を呈し、堆積(たいせき)面は放射状に流出する矢代(やしろ)川、別所(べっしょ)川、飯田(いいだ)川、保倉(ほくら)川などによって複合扇状地面を形成している。前面は頸城砂丘にふさがれてラグーン（潟湖(せきこ)）地形をなし、川筋には妙高(みょうこう)市新井(あらい)地区、上越(じょうえつ)市が連続して上越臨海工業地帯を形成し、平野は上越米の穀倉地帯をなす。越後ではもっとも早く開発の進められた平野で、古代は越後国の国府、国分寺が置かれた久比岐郡(くびきぐん)の中心地で、里五十公野(さといじみの)、高士(こうし)あたりには条里遺跡も残る。近世初期には、谷口から関川の水を取り入れて山麓(さんろく)扇頂面に流し、上江(かみえ)、中江(なかえ)、稲荷江(いなりえ)などの用水路がつくられ、また寛文(かんぶん)年間（1661～1673）には砂丘裏のラグーン地形に大瀁(おおぶけ)潟湖干拓が進められ、多くの新田(しんでん)村が生まれた。第二次世界大戦後は頸城砂丘地帯を中心に頸城油・ガス田の開発が進み、上越臨海工業地帯が形成されている。

［山崎久雄］

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