Senkeneki

A Chinese scholar and poet who was the first to appear in the late Ming and Qing dynasties. His pen name was Shuzhi and his pen name was Muzai. He was born in Changshu, Jiangsu Province. He was a Jinshi in 1610 (Wanli 38). He was appointed Minister of Rites and played an important role as the leader of the Donglin Party, a political association of righteous people. Immediately after the fall of the Ming dynasty, he supported King Fu in Nanjing, but he immediately surrendered when the Qing army approached, and was appointed Right Attendant of the Ministry of Rites of the Qing dynasty. As a result, Emperor Qianlong banned all of Qian's books in order to respect his honor and to eliminate his influence. Qian was a leading figure in the literary world at the end of the Ming and beginning of the Qing dynasty. He wrote weighty poems and prose with a deep academic background, and was praised as a poet of the early Qing dynasty on a par with Wu Weiye. His Ming poetry anthology includes the 81-volume Collection of Poems from the 10th Dynasty. His own anthologies of poetry and prose include the 110-volume Collection of First Learning, and the 50-volume Collection of Learning.

[Ichiro Sato]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、明(みん)末清(しん)初の学者、詩人。字(あざな)は受之(じゅし)、号は牧斎(ぼくさい)。江蘇(こうそ)省常熟(じょうじゅく)の出身。1610年（万暦38）の進士。官は礼部尚書に至り、正義派の政治結社、東林党の指導者として重きをなした。明の滅亡の直後、南京(ナンキン)に福王(ふくおう)を擁立したが、清軍が迫るとたちまち降伏し、清朝の礼部右侍郎に任ぜられた。このため乾隆(けんりゅう)帝は、名節尊重とその影響力の払拭(ふっしょく)をねらい、銭の著書をすべて禁書にしている。銭は明末清初の文壇の重鎮であり、深い学識を背景に重量感のある詩文を書き、清初の詩人としては呉偉業(ごいぎょう)と双璧(そうへき)と称された。明詩の選集に『列朝詩集』81巻がある。自身の詩文集には『初学集』110巻、『有学集』50巻がある。

［佐藤一郎］

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例