An inland bay in the west of Kyushu. It has an area of 1,530 square kilometers. In terms of area and inlet length, it is one of the five largest inlets in Japan, along with Kagoshima Bay, Osaka Bay, Ise Bay, and Tokyo Bay. The mouth of the bay is narrow, and it leads to the Yatsushiro Sea across the Misumi, Yanagi, and Hondo Straits, and to the Amakusa Nada Sea across the Hayasaki Strait. On nautical charts, the entire sea area is called Shimabara Bay, and the inner part of the bay is called Ariake Sea, while on a 1:200,000 topographical map, the central and southern parts are called Shimabara Bay, and the northern part is called Ariake Sea. Generally, it is divided according to the depth of 30 meters, transparency of 2 meters, the width of the tidal flats at low tide, and the thickness of the mud (bottom sediment), with the line connecting Nagasu (Kumamoto Prefecture) and Tabira (Unzen City, Nagasaki Prefecture) (where a ferry boat currently passes) as the border, with the Ariake Sea in the north and Shimabara Bay in the south. During the lowest sea level of the Würm glacial period (about 18,000 years ago), the Chikugo River, Kase River, and other rivers would have merged in the south and merged with the Shira River, with Hayasaki Seto as the estuary. There is a 130-150 meter deep basin in the seto, which is estimated to have been the riverbed at that time. It is also estimated that the 30 meter deep line was the coastline about 10,000 years ago. [Yasuyoshi Ishii] [Reference item] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
九州の西部にある内湾。面積1530平方キロメートル。面積と湾入の長さでは、鹿児島湾、大阪湾、伊勢(いせ)湾、東京湾とともに日本の五大湾入を示す。湾口は狭く三角(みすみ)、柳(やなぎ)、本渡(ほんど)の瀬戸を隔てて八代海(やつしろかい)に、早崎(はやさき)瀬戸を隔てて天草灘(あまくさなだ)に通ずる。海図では、全海域を島原海湾、湾奥部をとくに有明海(ありあけかい)とし、20万分の1の地勢図では、中部・南部を島原湾、北部を有明海としている。一般には、水深30メートル、透明度2メートル、干潮時の干潟の広さ、泥土の厚み(底質)などによって区分し、長洲(ながす)(熊本県)―多比良(たいら)(長崎県雲仙(うんぜん)市)を結ぶ線(現在フェリーボートを通ずる)付近を境界に、北部を有明海、南部を島原湾としている。ビュルム氷期の最低海水準の時期(約1万8000年前)には筑後川(ちくごがわ)、嘉瀬川(かせがわ)などの諸川は南部で一本化し、白(しら)川を合流、早崎瀬戸を河口としたであろう。瀬戸には水深130~150メートルの海釜(かいふ)があり、当時の河床と推定されている。また、およそ1万年前には、水深30メートルの線が海岸線であったと推定されている。 [石井泰義] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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